{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T16:53:52Z","timestamp":1758905632865},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,30]],"date-time":"2009-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1233273600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1825,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["British J Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n<jats:list list-type=\"explicit-label\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>This study was designed to investigate the effects of the nitric oxide (NO) donors sodium nitroprusside (SNP), 3\u2010morpholinosydnonimine (SIN\u20101) and <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\u2010nitroso\u2010<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010acetylpenicillamine (SNAP) on <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010formyl\u2010<jats:sc>L<\/jats:sc>\u2010methionyl\u2010<jats:sc>L<\/jats:sc>\u2010leucyl\u2010phenylalanine (fMLP, 1 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>\u22127<\/jats:sup> <jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>)\u2010induced human eosinophil chemotaxis, cyclic guanosine\u20103\u2032,5\u2032\u2010monophosphate (cGMP) levels, protein nitration and cytotoxicity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Human eosinophils were exposed to SNP, SIN\u20101 and SNAP (0.001\u20131.0 m<jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>) for either short (10 min) or prolonged (90 min) time periods. Exposition of eosinophils with these NO donors significantly inhibited the eosinophil chemotaxis irrespective of whether cells were exposed to these agents for 10 or 90 min. No marked differences were detected among them regarding the profile of chemotaxis inhibition.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Exposition of eosinophils to SNP, SIN\u20101 and SNAP (0.001\u20131.0 m<jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>) markedly elevated the cGMP levels above basal levels, but the 90\u2010min exposition resulted in significantly higher levels compared with the 10\u2010min protocols (5.3\u00b10.6 and 2.6\u00b10.2 n<jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc> 1.5 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup> cells<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, respectively). The cGMP levels achieved with SNAP were greater than SNP and SIN\u20101.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>The NO donors did not induce cell toxicity in any experimental condition used. Additionally, eosinophils exposed to SNP, SIN\u20101 and SNAP (1.0 m<jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc> each) either for 10 or 90 min did not show any tyrosine nitration in conditions where a strong nitration of bovine serum albumin was observed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Our findings show that inhibitory effects of fMLP\u2010induced human eosinophil chemotaxis by NO donors at short or prolonged exposition time were accompanied by significant elevations of cGMP levels. However, additional elevations of cGMP levels do not change the functional profile (chemotaxis inhibition) of stimulated eosinophils.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list>\n<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>British Journal of Pharmacology<\/jats:italic> (2004) <jats:bold>141<\/jats:bold>, 653\u2013660. doi:<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"doi\" xlink:href=\"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0705661\">10.1038\/sj.bjp.0705661<\/jats:ext-link><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0705661","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,2,19]],"date-time":"2004-02-19T18:17:58Z","timestamp":1077214678000},"page":"653-660","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Role of cyclic GMP on inhibition by nitric oxide donors of human eosinophil chemotaxis <i>in vitro<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"141","author":[{"given":"Sara M","family":"Thomazzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juliana","family":"Moreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sisi","family":"Marcondes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gilberto De","family":"Nucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edson","family":"Antunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"916","article-title":"Chemical release of nitric oxide from sodium nitroprusside to nitric oxide in vascular smooth muscle","volume":"262","author":"BATES J.N.","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. 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