{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T04:01:10Z","timestamp":1774065670571,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,29]],"date-time":"2009-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1233187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1703,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["British J Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n<jats:list list-type=\"explicit-label\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Studies were designed to examine the effects of <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> (<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>AR)\u2010 plus <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\u2010adrenoreceptor (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>AR) antagonists on 3,4\u2010methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, Ecstasy)\u2010induced hyperthermia and measures of rhabdomyolysis (creatine kinase (CK)) and renal function (blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (sCr)) in male Sprague\u2013Dawley rats.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>MDMA (40 mg kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, s.c.) induced a rapid and robust increase in rectal temperature, which was significantly attenuated by pretreatment with the <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>AR antagonist prazosin (100 <jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, i.p.) plus the <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>AR antagonist SR59230A (5 mg kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, i.p.).<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>CK levels significantly increased (peaking at 4 h) after MDMA treatment and were blocked by the combination of prazosin plus SR59230A.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>At 4 h after MDMA treatment, BUN and sCr levels were also significantly increased and could be prevented by this combination of <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>AR\u2010 plus <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>AR\u2010antagonists.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>The results from this study suggest that <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>AR and <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>AR play a critical role in the etiology of MDMA\u2010mediated hyperthermia and subsequent rhabdomyolysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list>\n<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>British Journal of Pharmacology<\/jats:italic> (2004) <jats:bold>142<\/jats:bold>, 667\u2013670. doi:<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"doi\" 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