{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,16]],"date-time":"2023-10-16T05:13:45Z","timestamp":1697433225328},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,29]],"date-time":"2009-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1233187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1216,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["British J Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n<jats:list list-type=\"explicit-label\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>We have previously reported that the contractile response to thrombin and trypsin was enhanced in the pregnant rat myometrium. We herein determined whether or not sex hormones contribute to this enhancement and the expression of protease\u2010activated receptors (PARs).<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>The nonpregnant rats received daily injections of either 17<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2010estradiol or progesterone, and then the contractile response of the myometrium was examined <jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic>. Treatment with either 17<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2010estradiol or progesterone had almost no significant enhancing effect on the high K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\u2010 or oxytocin\u2010induced contraction. On the other hand, both 17<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2010estradiol and progesterone dose\u2010dependently enhanced the contractile response to trypsin. A maximal enhancement was obtained at 25 and 40\u2003mg\u2003kg\u2003weight<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\u2003day<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> for 17<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2010estradiol and progesterone, respectively. The extent of the enhancement of the trypsin\u2010induced contraction seen in the sex hormone\u2010treated rats in the present study was comparable to that reported in the pregnant rats.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>However, the contractile response to thrombin and PAR1\/PAR2\u2010AP, SFLLRNP was not enhanced either by progesterone or 17<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2010estradiol. PAR2\u2010AP and PAR4\u2010AP failed to induce contraction under any conditions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>PAR1 mRNA was scarcely detected in the control myometrium by an RT\u2013PCR analysis, while it slightly increased only in the progesterone\u2010treated rats. Neither PAR2 nor PAR4 mRNA was detected.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>We thus conclude that the responsiveness to trypsin, but not thrombin, is controlled by sex hormones. A novel type of receptor, other than PAR1, PAR2 or PAR4, is suggested to mediate the trypsin\u2010induced contraction as in the case of the pregnant rat myometrium.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list>\n<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>British Journal of Pharmacology<\/jats:italic> (2005) <jats:bold>146<\/jats:bold>, 425\u2013434. doi:<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"doi\" xlink:href=\"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0706345\">10.1038\/sj.bjp.0706345<\/jats:ext-link><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0706345","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,1]],"date-time":"2005-08-01T12:17:22Z","timestamp":1122898642000},"page":"425-434","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Enhancement of trypsin\u2010induced contraction by <i>in vivo<\/i> treatment with 17<i>\u03b2<\/i>\u2010estradiol and progesterone in rat myometrium"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"146","author":[{"given":"Murasaki","family":"Aman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katsuya","family":"Hirano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junji","family":"Nishimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hitoo","family":"Nakano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hideo","family":"Kanaide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/y95-172"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0702303"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/18223"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(99)01440-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70180-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1998.274.6.C1429"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1995.tb15895.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.82.12.1306"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/hc4801.099737"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/y97-110"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/386502a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI6042"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/29325"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","first-page":"269","article-title":"Measurement of [Ca2+]i in smooth muscle strips using front\u2010surface fluorimetry","volume":"114","author":"KANAIDE H.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","first-page":"358","article-title":"Evaluation of proteinase\u2010activated receptor\u20101 (PAR1) agonists and antagonists using a cultured cell receptor desensitization assay: activation of PAR2 by PAR1\u2010targeted ligands","volume":"288","author":"KAWABATA A.","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI116206"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0702004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.20.9208"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.23.1_Suppl.I250"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.72.1.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1996.tb15433.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0704206"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0703729"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0703410"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4852","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)68864-7","article-title":"Tryptic activation of the insulin receptor. Proteolytic truncation of the alpha\u2010subunit releases the beta\u2010subunit from inhibitory control","volume":"263","author":"SHOELSON S.E.","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","first-page":"H1962","article-title":"Thrombin receptor\u2010mediated vascular relaxation differentiated by a receptor antagonist and desensitization","volume":"267","author":"TESFAMARIAM B.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(91)90261-V"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.12.6642"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16975","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)41880-7","article-title":"Molecular cloning of the rat vascular smooth muscle thrombin receptor. Evidence for in vitro regulation by basic fibroblast growth factor","volume":"267","author":"ZHONG C.","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."}],"container-title":["British Journal of Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1038%2Fsj.bjp.0706345","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1038%2Fsj.bjp.0706345","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1038\/sj.bjp.0706345","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,15]],"date-time":"2023-10-15T14:53:33Z","timestamp":1697381613000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1038\/sj.bjp.0706345"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,10]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1038\/sj.bjp.0706345"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.bjp.0706345","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-1188","1476-5381"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-1188","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-5381","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2009-01-29","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}