{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,5]],"date-time":"2026-04-05T05:06:13Z","timestamp":1775365573123,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,29]],"date-time":"2009-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1233187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":516,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["British J Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and purpose:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pathological cardiac hypertrophy is associated with the expression of a gene profile reminiscent of foetal development. The non selective \u03b2\u2010adrenoceptor antagonist propranolol is able to blunt cardiomyocyte hypertrophic response in pressure\u2010overloaded hearts. It remains to be determined whether propranolol also attenuates the expression of hypertrophy\u2010associated foetal genes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Experimental approach:<\/jats:title><jats:p>To address this question, the foetal gene programme, of which atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), the \u03b2\u2010isoform of myosin heavy chain (\u03b2\u2010MHC), and the <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\u2010skeletal muscle isoform of actin (skACT) are classical members, was induced by thoracic aortic coarctation (TAC) in C57BL\/6 mice, or by phenylephrine, a selective \u03b1<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u2010adrenoceptor agonist, in cultured rat neonatal cardiomyocytes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Key results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>In TAC mice, the left ventricular weight\u2010to\u2010body weight (LVW\/BW) ratio increased by 35% after 2 weeks. Levels of ANP, \u03b2\u2010MHC and skACT mRNA in the left ventricles increased 2.2\u2010fold, 2.0\u2010fold and 12.1\u2010fold, respectively, whereas \u03b1\u2010MHC and SERCA mRNA levels decreased by \u2248 50%. Although propranolol blunted cardiomyocyte growth, with approximately an 11% increase in the LVW\/BW ratio, it enhanced the expression of ANP, \u03b2\u2010MHC and skACT genes (10.5\u2010fold, 27.7\u2010fold and 22.7\u2010fold, respectively). Propranolol also enhanced phenylephrine\u2010stimulated ANP and \u03b2\u2010MHC gene expression in cultured cardiomyocytes. Similar results were obtained with metoprolol, a selective \u03b2<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u2010adrenoceptor antagonist, but not with ICI 118551, a \u03b2<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010adrenoceptor antagonist.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions and implications:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Propranolol enhances expression of the hypertrophy\u2010associated foetal genes mainly via the \u03b2<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u2010adrenoceptor blockade. Our results also suggest that, in pressure\u2010overloaded hearts, cardiomyocyte growth and foetal gene expression occur as independent processes.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>British Journal of Pharmacology<\/jats:italic> (2007) <jats:bold>152<\/jats:bold>, 216\u2013222; doi:<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"doi\" xlink:href=\"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0707350\">10.1038\/sj.bjp.0707350<\/jats:ext-link><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0707350","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,25]],"date-time":"2007-06-25T12:09:57Z","timestamp":1182773397000},"page":"216-222","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Propranolol causes a paradoxical enhancement of cardiomyocyte foetal gene response to hypertrophic stimuli"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"152","author":[{"given":"M","family":"Patrizio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Musumeci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Stati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Fasanaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Palazzesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Catalano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Marano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"H638","article-title":"Isoproterenol infusion induces alterations in expression of hypertrophy\u2010associated genes in rat heart","volume":"269","author":"Boluyt M","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.81.2.176"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mhj.2000.111112"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1272"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/25.7.579"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI17061"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.85.2.339"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000160367.99928.87"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI113989"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2004.09.044"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa012630"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-200204000-00036"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-003-1059-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0705631"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2004.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(02)02711-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1995.tb17230.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.18.8277"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10551","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)50052-7","article-title":"Molecular characterization of the stretch\u2010induced adaptation of cultured cardiac cells. 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