{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T03:06:36Z","timestamp":1788577596033,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,1]],"date-time":"2006-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1143849600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,1]],"date-time":"2006-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1143849600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,7]],"date-time":"2015-12-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1449446400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3537,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["kidney-international.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Kidney International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,4]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,15]],"date-time":"2006-03-15T12:14:55Z","timestamp":1142424895000},"page":"1410-1415","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Pentoxifylline ameliorates proteinuria through suppression of renal monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in patients with proteinuric primary glomerular diseases"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Y.-M.","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.-L.","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W.-C.","family":"Chiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.-D.","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.-J.","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S97","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(00)70237-X","article-title":"Proteinuria: its clinical importance and role in progressive renal disease","volume":"35","author":"Keane","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1468","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2003.00868.x","article-title":"Proteinuria and the risk of developing end-stage renal disease","volume":"63","author":"Iseki","year":"2003","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0020","first-page":"1553","article-title":"Urinary excretion of cytokines and complement SC5b-9 in idiopathic membranous glomerulonephritis","volume":"9","author":"Honkanen","year":"1994","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1159\/000187825","article-title":"Urinary tumor necrosis factor levels in primary glomerulopathies","volume":"66","author":"Ozen","year":"1994","journal-title":"Nephron"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1159\/000189285","article-title":"Increased excretion of tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 1 beta in urine from patients with IgA nephropathy and Schonlein\u2013Henoch purpura","volume":"74","author":"Wu","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nephron"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.1998.00833.x","article-title":"Adhesion molecules and urinary tumor necrosis factor-alpha in idiopathic membranous glomerulonephritis","volume":"53","author":"Honkanen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1159\/000045142","article-title":"Detection of MCP-1 in patients with diabetic nephropathy","volume":"80","author":"Saitoh","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nephron"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1081\/JDI-120021156","article-title":"Increased urinary excretion of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in proteinuric renal diseases","volume":"25","author":"Morii","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ren Fail"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2825(1998)12:1<1::AID-JCLA1>3.0.CO;2-F","article-title":"Urinary levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 and disease activity in patients with IgA nephropathy","volume":"12","author":"Saitoh","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Lab Anal"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(96)90097-9","article-title":"Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 levels in patients with glomerular disease","volume":"27","author":"Rovin","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1996.105","article-title":"Monitoring urinary levels of monocyte chemotactic and activating factor reflects disease activity of lupus nephritis","volume":"49","author":"Wada","year":"1996","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0065","first-page":"804","article-title":"Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 is excreted in excessive amounts in the urine of patients with lupus nephritis","volume":"73","author":"Noris","year":"1995","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2761","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfh487","article-title":"Urinary monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is a marker of active renal vasculitis","volume":"19","author":"Tam","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2628","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/14.11.2628","article-title":"Secretion of chemokines and cytokines by human tubular epithelial cells in response to proteins","volume":"14","author":"Burton","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"issue":"Suppl 92","key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S76","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2004.09220.x","article-title":"Why is proteinuria an ominous biomarker of progressive kidney disease?","volume":"66","author":"Zandi-Nejad","year":"2004","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp011773","article-title":"Nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"346","author":"Remuzzi","year":"2002","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1505","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp013462","article-title":"Nondiabetic kidney disease","volume":"347","author":"Levey","year":"2002","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2254","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2003.00033.x","article-title":"Retarding progression of chronic renal disease: the neglected issue of residual proteinuria","volume":"63","author":"Ruggenenti","year":"2003","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1657","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200464150-00004","article-title":"Drug treatment of intermittent claudication","volume":"64","author":"Jacoby","year":"2004","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1797.2004.00267.x","article-title":"Pentoxifylline: a potential therapy for chronic kidney disease","volume":"9","author":"Lin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nephrology"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1672","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)04830-3","article-title":"Use of pentoxifylline in membranous nephropathy","volume":"357","author":"Ducloux","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0115","first-page":"2382","article-title":"Pentoxifylline in the treatment of refractory nephrotic syndrome secondary to lupus nephritis","volume":"30","author":"Galindo-Rodriguez","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(99)70182-4","article-title":"Urinary protein excretion and serum tumor necrosis factor in diabetic patients with advanced renal failure: effects of pentoxifylline administration","volume":"33","author":"Navarro","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(03)00651-6","article-title":"Effects of pentoxifylline administration on urinary N-acetyl-\u03b2-glucosaminidase excretion in type 2 diabetic patients: a short-term, prospective, randomized study","volume":"42","author":"Navarro","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2916","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASN.0000034909.10994.8A","article-title":"Pentoxifylline attenuated the renal disease progression in rats with remnant kidney","volume":"13","author":"Lin","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.1999.00636.x","article-title":"Pentoxifylline attenuates experimental mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis","volume":"56","author":"Chen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfh127","article-title":"Pentoxifylline suppresses renal tumour necrosis factor-\u03b1 and ameliorates experimental crescentic glomerulonephritis in rats","volume":"19","author":"Chen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1537","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V8101537","article-title":"Induction of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in proximal tubule cells by urinary protein","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keh277","article-title":"Anti-monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 gene therapy attenuates nephritis in MRL\/lpr mice","volume":"43","author":"Shimizu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASN.0000120371.09769.80","article-title":"Gene therapy via blockade of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 for renal fibrosis","volume":"15","author":"Wada","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2178","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2005.00323.x","article-title":"DNA vaccination with naked DNA encoding MCP-1 and RANTES protects against renal injury in adriamycin nephropathy","volume":"67","author":"Wu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2004080658","article-title":"Urine chemokines as biomarkers of human systemic lupus erythematosus activity","volume":"16","author":"Rovin","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"c25","DOI":"10.1159\/000079924","article-title":"CD68 and MCP-1\/CCR2 expression of initial biopsies reflect the outcomes of membranous nephropathy","volume":"98","author":"Yoshimoto","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nephron Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra020676","article-title":"Renal dysfunction complicating the treatment of hypertension","volume":"347","author":"Palmer","year":"2002","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"c73","DOI":"10.1159\/000083417","article-title":"Comparison of the effect of pentoxifylline and captopril on proteinuria in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"99","author":"Aminorroaya","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nephron Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1081\/JDI-120021159","article-title":"Combination of pentoxifylline with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors produces an additional reduction in microalbuminuria in hypertensive type 2 diabetic patients","volume":"25","author":"Harrnankaya","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ren Fail"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2119","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2005010001","article-title":"Additive antiproteinuric effect of pentoxifylline in patients with type 2 diabetes under angiotensin II receptor blockade: a short-term, randomized, controlled trial","volume":"16","author":"Navarro","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"Suppl 82","key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S77","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.63.s83.16.x","article-title":"Clinical renoprotection trials involving angiotensin II-receptor antagonists and angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors","volume":"63","author":"Brenner","year":"2003","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2421","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.26.8.2421","article-title":"ACE inhibitors improve diabetic nephropathy through suppression of renal MCP-1","volume":"26","author":"Amann","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2004.01.001","article-title":"Natural history of idiopathic IgA nephropathy and factors predictive of disease outcome","volume":"24","author":"D\u2019Amico","year":"2004","journal-title":"Semin Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1177\/106002809603000702","article-title":"Multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of pentoxifylline and its metabolites during renal insufficiency","volume":"30","author":"Paap","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ann Pharmacother"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1097\/00041552-200311000-00011","article-title":"Urinary protein and enzyme excretion as markers of tubular damage","volume":"12","author":"D\u2019Amico","year":"2003","journal-title":"Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(03)00826-6","article-title":"Proteinuria and other markers of chronic kidney disease: a position statement of the national kidney foundation (NKF) and the national institute of diabetes and digestive and kidney diseases (NIDDM)","volume":"42","author":"Eknoyan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1987.00370050135022","article-title":"Quantitation of proteinuria by the use of protein-to-creatinine ratios in single urine samples","volume":"147","author":"Schwab","year":"1987","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1159\/000180580","article-title":"Prediction of creatinine clearance from serum creatinine","volume":"16","author":"Cockcroft","year":"1976","journal-title":"Nephron"},{"key":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302_bb0235","first-page":"155A","article-title":"A simplified equation to predict glomerular filtration rate from serum creatinine","volume":"11","author":"Levey","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"}],"container-title":["Kidney International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0085253815516785?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0085253815516785?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T00:47:52Z","timestamp":1758761272000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0085253815516785"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,4]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0085253815516785"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302","relation":{},"ISSN":["0085-2538"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0085-2538","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Pentoxifylline ameliorates proteinuria through suppression of renal monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in patients with proteinuric primary glomerular diseases","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Kidney International","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.ki.5000302","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2006 International Society of Nephrology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}