{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T02:51:33Z","timestamp":1792119093517,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,29]],"date-time":"2005-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1120003200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neuropsychopharmacol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1300811","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,29]],"date-time":"2005-06-29T15:20:22Z","timestamp":1120058422000},"page":"2254-2262","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":132,"title":["Nalmefene Induced Elevation in Serum Prolactin in Normal Human Volunteers: Partial Kappa Opioid Agonist Activity?"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Gavin","family":"Bart","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James H","family":"Schluger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Borg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean M","family":"Bidlack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary Jeanne","family":"Kreek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"BF1300811_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(80)90257-X","volume":"26","author":"HL Altshuler","year":"1980","unstructured":"Altshuler HL, Phillips PE, Feinhandler DA (1980). Iteration of ethanol self-administration by naloxone. Life Sci 26: 679\u2013688.","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1097\/01.jcp.0000130555.63254.73","volume":"24","author":"RF Anton","year":"2004","unstructured":"Anton RF, Pettinati H, Zweben A, Kranzler HR, Johnson B, Bohn MJ et al (2004). A multi-site dose ranging study of nalmefene in the treatment of alcohol dependence. J Clin Psychopharmacol 24: 421\u2013428.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.103.050682","volume":"306","author":"G Bart","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bart G, Borg L, Schluger JH, Green M, Ho A, Kreek MJ (2003). Suppressed prolactin response to dynorphin A1\u201313 in methadone maintained versus control subjects. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 306: 581\u2013587.","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2003.07.007","volume":"55","author":"B Bencherif","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bencherif B, Wand GS, McCaul ME, Kim YK, Ilgin N, Dannals RF et al (2004). Mu-opioid receptor binding measured by [11C]Carfentanil positron emission tomography is related to craving and mood in alcohol dependence. Biol Psychiatry 55: 255\u2013262.","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3908(02)00061-8","volume":"42","author":"A Bergevin","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bergevin A, Girardot D, Bourque MJ, Trudeau LE (2002). Presynaptic \u03bc-opioid receptors regulate a late step of the secretory process in rat ventral tegmental area GABAergic neurons. Neuropharmacology 42: 1065\u20131078.","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1300105","volume":"28","author":"CA Bowen","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bowen CA, Negus SS, Zhong R, Neumeyer JL, Bidlack JM, Mello NK (2003). Effects of mixed-action \u03ba\/\u03bc opioids on cocaine self-administration and cocaine discrimination by rhesus monkeys. Neuropsychopharmacology 28: 1125\u20131139.","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(76)90527-3","volume":"72","author":"MM Bradford","year":"1976","unstructured":"Bradford MM (1976). A rapid and sensitive method for the quantification of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal Biochem 72: 248\u2013254.","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-002-1195-y","volume":"164","author":"ER Butelman","year":"2002","unstructured":"Butelman ER, Ball JW, Kreek MJ (2002). Comparison of the discriminative and neuroendocrine effects of centrally penetrating \u03ba-opioid agonists in rhesus monkeys. Psychopharmacology (Berlin) 164: 115\u2013120.","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berlin)"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-2999(99)00640-8","volume":"383","author":"ER Butelman","year":"1999","unstructured":"Butelman ER, Harris TJ, Kreek MJ (1999). Apparent efficacy of \u03ba-opioid receptor ligands on serum prolactin levels in rhesus monkeys. Eur J Pharmacol 383: 305\u2013309.","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2004.05.025","volume":"495","author":"RZ Chen","year":"2004","unstructured":"Chen RZ, Huang RC, Shen CP, MacNeil DJ, Fong TM (2004). Chronic administration of nalmefene leads to increased food intake and body weight gain in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 495: 63\u201366.","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3099","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(73)90196-2","volume":"22","author":"YC Cheng","year":"1973","unstructured":"Cheng YC, Prusoff WH (1973). Relationship between the inhibition constant (Ki) and the concentration of inhibitor which causes 50 percent inhibition (I50) of an enzymatic reaction. Biochem Pharmacol 22: 3099\u20133108.","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR12","first-page":"113","volume":"174","author":"LH Claye","year":"1997","unstructured":"Claye LH, Maisonneuve IM, Yu J, Ho A, Kreek MJ (1997). Local perfusion of dynorphin A1\u201317 reduces extracellular dopamine levels in the nucleus accumbens. NIDA Res Monogr 174: 113.","journal-title":"NIDA Res Monogr"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/0143-4179(85)90010-1","volume":"6","author":"MR Cohen","year":"1985","unstructured":"Cohen MR, Cohen RM, Pickar D, Kreger D, McLellan C, Murphy DL (1985). Hormonal effects of high dose naloxone in humans. Neuropeptides 6: 373\u2013380.","journal-title":"Neuropeptides"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1983.04390010023003","volume":"40","author":"MR Cohen","year":"1983","unstructured":"Cohen MR, Cohen RM, Pickar D, Weingartner H, Murphy DL (1983). High-dose naloxone infusions in normals: dose-dependent behavioral, hormonal, and physiological responses. Arch Gen Psychiatry 40: 613\u2013619.","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3006","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.76.6.3006","volume":"76","author":"SN Deyo","year":"1979","unstructured":"Deyo SN, Swift RM, Miller RJ (1979). Morphine and endorphins modulate dopamine turnover in rat median eminence. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 76: 3006\u20133009.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR16","first-page":"1067","volume":"244","author":"G Di Chiara","year":"1988","unstructured":"Di Chiara G, Imperato A (1988). Opposite effects of mu and kappa opiate agonists on dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens and in the dorsal caudate of freely moving rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 244: 1067\u20131080.","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(96)00501-X","volume":"732","author":"RA Durham","year":"1996","unstructured":"Durham RA, Johnson JD, Moore KE, Lookingland KJ (1996). Evidence that D2 receptor-mediated activation of hypothalamic tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic neurons in the male rat occurs via inhibition of tonically active afferent dynorphinergic neurons. Brain Res 732: 113\u2013120.","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-3057(80)90431-1","volume":"12","author":"J Ellingboe","year":"1980","unstructured":"Ellingboe J, Mendelson JH, Kuehnle JC (1980). Effects of heroin and naltrexone on plasma prolactin levels in man. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 12: 163\u2013165.","journal-title":"Pharmacol Biochem Behav"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR19","first-page":"1630","volume":"271","author":"PL Emmerson","year":"1994","unstructured":"Emmerson PL, Liu MR, Woods JH, Medzihradsky F (1994). Binding affinity and selectivity of opioids at mu, delta and kappa receptors in monkey brain membranes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 271: 1630\u20131637.","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1523","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.2000.80.4.1523","volume":"80","author":"ME Freeman","year":"2000","unstructured":"Freeman ME, Kanyicska B, Lerant A, Nagy G (2000). Prolactin: structure, function, and regulation of secretion. Physiol Rev 80: 1523\u20131631.","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-66-5-1000","volume":"66","author":"PR Gindoff","year":"1988","unstructured":"Gindoff PR, Jewelewicz R, Hembree W, Wardlaw SL, Ferin M (1988). Sustained effects of opioid antagonism during the normal human luteal phase. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 66: 1000\u20131004.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(95)00306-B","volume":"681","author":"SD Glick","year":"1995","unstructured":"Glick SD, Maisonneuve IM, Raucci J, Archer S (1995). Kappa opioid inhibition of morphine and cocaine self-administration in rats. Brain Res 681: 147\u2013152.","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1598","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.humrep.a137898","volume":"8","author":"GR Graves","year":"1993","unstructured":"Graves GR, Kennedy TG, Weick RF, Casper RF (1993). The effect of nalmefene on pulsatile secretion of lutenizing hormone and prolactin in men. Hum Reprod 8: 1598\u20131603.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1007\/s002130000622","volume":"154","author":"FS Hall","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hall FS, Sora I, Uhl GR (2001). Ethanol consumption and reward are decreased in \u03bc-opiate receptor knockout mice. Psychopharmacology 154: 43\u201349.","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1007\/s002130000601","volume":"153","author":"SM H\u00f6lter","year":"2000","unstructured":"H\u00f6lter SM, Henniger MSH, Lipkowski AW, Spanagel R (2000). Kappa-opioid receptors and relapse-like drinking in long-term ethanol-experienced rats. Psychopharmacology 153: 93\u2013102.","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1097\/01.jcp.0000144893.29987.e5","volume":"24","author":"N Jayaram-Lindstr\u00f6m","year":"2004","unstructured":"Jayaram-Lindstr\u00f6m N, Wennberg P, Hurd Y, Franck J (2004). Effects of naltrexone on the subjective response to amphetamine in healthy volunteers. J Clin Psychopharmacol 24: 665\u2013669.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.12-02-00483.1992","volume":"12","author":"SW Johnson","year":"1992","unstructured":"Johnson SW, North RA (1992). Opioids excite dopamine neurons by hyperpolarization of local interneurons. J Neurosci 12: 483\u2013488.","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(92)90223-M","volume":"32","author":"T Kosten","year":"1992","unstructured":"Kosten T, Silverman DG, Fleming J, Kosten TA, Gawin FH, Compton M et al (1992). Intravenous cocaine challenges during naltrexone maintenance: a preliminary study. Biol Psychiatry 32: 543\u2013548.","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1978.tb16769.x","volume":"311","author":"MJ Kreek","year":"1978","unstructured":"Kreek MJ (1978). Medical complications in methadone patients. Ann NY Acad Sci 311: 110\u2013134.","journal-title":"Ann NY Acad Sci"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR30","first-page":"260","volume":"288","author":"MJ Kreek","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kreek MJ, Schluger J, Borg L, Gunduz M, Ho A (1999). Dynorphin A1\u201313 causes elevation of serum levels of prolactin through an opioid receptor mechanism in humans: gender differences and implications for modulation of dopaminergic tone in the treatment of addictions. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 288: 260\u2013269.","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-3057(88)90128-1","volume":"30","author":"KM Kumor","year":"1988","unstructured":"Kumor KM, Haertzen CA, Jasiniski DR, Johnson RE (1988). The psychopharmacologic and prolactin response after large doses of naloxone in man. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 30: 967\u2013975.","journal-title":"Pharmacol Biochem Behav"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-4328(00)00368-5","volume":"120","author":"S Lindholm","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lindholm S, Werme M, Franck J (2001). The selective \u03ba-opioid receptor agonist U50,488H attenuates voluntary ethanol intake in the rat. Behav Brain Res 120: 137\u2013146.","journal-title":"Behav Brain Res"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(94)90559-2","volume":"181","author":"IM Maisonneuve","year":"1994","unstructured":"Maisonneuve IM, Archer S, Glick SD (1994). U50,488, a \u03ba opioid receptor agonist, attenuates cocaine-induced increases in extracellular dopamine in the nucleus accumbens of rats. Neurosci Lett 181: 57\u201360.","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1994.tb00098.x","volume":"18","author":"BJ Mason","year":"1994","unstructured":"Mason BJ, Ritvo EC, Morgan RO, Salvato FR, Goldberg G, Welch B et al (1994). A double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral nalmefene HCl for alcohol dependence. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 18: 1162\u20131167.","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-3057(00)00190-8","volume":"66","author":"NK Mello","year":"2000","unstructured":"Mello NK, Mendelson JH, Kelly M (2000). Acute effects of nalmefene on LH, prolactin, and testosterone in male rhesus monkeys. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 66: 275\u2013284.","journal-title":"Pharmacol Biochem Behav"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-3057(86)90356-4","volume":"24","author":"JH Mendelson","year":"1986","unstructured":"Mendelson JH, Mello NK, Cristofaro P, Skupny A, Ellingboe J (1986). Use of naltrexone as a provocative test for hypothalamic-pituitary hormone function. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 24: 309\u2013313.","journal-title":"Pharmacol Biochem Behav"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR37","first-page":"175","volume":"7","author":"ME Michel","year":"1985","unstructured":"Michel ME, Bolger G, Weissman BA (1985). Binding of a new opiate antagonist, nalmefene, to rat brain membranes. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol 7: 175\u2013177.","journal-title":"Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1007\/s002130000479","volume":"151","author":"LD Middaugh","year":"2000","unstructured":"Middaugh LD, Bandy AL (2000). Naltrexone effects on ethanol consumption and response to ethanol conditioned cues in C57BL\/6 mice. Psychopharmacology (Berlin) 151: 321\u2013327.","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berlin)"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-50-2-251","volume":"50","author":"JE Morley","year":"1980","unstructured":"Morley JE, Baranetsky NG, Wingert TD, Carlson HE, Hershman JM, Melmed S et al (1980). Endocrine effects of naloxone-induced opiate receptor blockade. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 50: 251\u2013257.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/0741-8329(86)90058-3","volume":"3","author":"RD Myers","year":"1986","unstructured":"Myers RD, Borg S, Mossberg R (1986). Antagonism by naltrexone of voluntary alcohol selection in the chronically drinking macaque monkey. Alcohol 3: 383\u2013388.","journal-title":"Alcohol"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00432677","volume":"74","author":"D Naber","year":"1981","unstructured":"Naber D, Pickar D, Davis GC, Cohen RM, Jimerson DC, Elchisak MA et al (1981). Naloxone effects on beta-endorphin, cortisol, prolactin, growth hormone, HVA and MHPG in plasma of normal volunteers. Psychopharmacology (Berlin) 74: 125\u2013128.","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berlin)"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR42","unstructured":"NIH Definitions Working Group (2000). Biomarkers and surrogate endpoints in clinical research: definitions and conceptual model. In: Downing GJ (ed). Biomarkers and Surrogate Endpoints: Clinical Research and Applications. Elsevier: Amsterdam."},{"key":"BF1300811_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1992.01820110045007","volume":"49","author":"SS O'Malley","year":"1992","unstructured":"O'Malley SS, Jaffe AJ, Chang G, Schottenfeld RS, Meyer RE, Rounsaville B (1992). Naltrexone and coping skills therapy for alcohol dependence. A controlled study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 49: 881\u2013887.","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/s002130100919","volume":"160","author":"SS O'Malley","year":"2002","unstructured":"O'Malley SS, Krishnan-Sarin S, Farren C, Sinha R, Kreek MJ (2002). Naltrexone decreases craving and alcohol self-administration in alcohol-dependent subjects and activates the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical axis. Psychopharmacology 160: 19\u201329.","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-62-1-181","volume":"62","author":"A Pfeiffer","year":"1986","unstructured":"Pfeiffer A, Braun S, Mann K, Meyer HD, Brantl V (1986). Anterior pituitary hormone responses to a \u03ba-opioid agonist in man. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 62: 181\u2013185.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1097\/00008877-200403000-00001","volume":"15","author":"KL Preston","year":"2004","unstructured":"Preston KL, Umbricht A, Schroeder JR, Abreu ME, Epstein DH, Pickworth WB (2004). Cyclazocine: comparison to hydromorphone and interaction with cocaine. Behav Pharmacol 15: 91\u2013102.","journal-title":"Behav Pharmacol"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR47","first-page":"330","volume":"45","author":"K Raynor","year":"1994","unstructured":"Raynor K, Kong H, Chen Y, Yasuda K, Yu L, Bell GI et al (1994). Pharmacological characterization of the cloned kappa-, delta-, and mu-opioid receptors. Mol Pharmacol 45: 330\u2013334.","journal-title":"Mol Pharmacol"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-52-6-1179","volume":"52","author":"RL Reid","year":"1981","unstructured":"Reid RL, Hoff JD, Yen SS, Li CH (1981). Effects of exogenous \u03b2h-endorphin on pituitary hormone secretion and its disappearance rate in normal human subjects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 52: 1179\u20131184.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR49","first-page":"827","volume":"288","author":"AE Remmers","year":"1999","unstructured":"Remmers AE, Clark MJ, Mansour A, Akil H, Woods JH, Medzihradsky F (1999). Opioid efficacy in a C6 glioma cell line stably expressing the human kappa opioid receptor. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 288: 827\u2013833.","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR50","first-page":"1002","volume":"293","author":"AJ Roberts","year":"2000","unstructured":"Roberts AJ, McDonald JS, Heyser CJ, Kieffer BL, Matthes HWD, Koob GF et al (2000). Opioid receptor knockout mice do not self-administer alcohol. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 293: 1002\u20131008.","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1991.tb01859.x","volume":"86","author":"L San","year":"1991","unstructured":"San L, Pomarol G, Peri JM, Olle JM, Cami J (1991). Follow-up after a six-month maintenance period on naltrexone versus placebo in heroin addicts. Br J Addict 86: 983\u2013990.","journal-title":"Br J Addict"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4603(00)00098-8","volume":"26","author":"JM Schmitz","year":"2001","unstructured":"Schmitz JM, Stotts AL, Rhoades HM, Grabowski J (2001). Naltrexone and relapse prevention treatment for cocaine-dependent patients. Addict Behav 26: 167\u2013180.","journal-title":"Addict Behav"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1159\/000125918","volume":"54","author":"JW Simpkins","year":"1991","unstructured":"Simpkins JW, Swager D, Millard WJ (1991). Evaluation of the sites of opioid influence on anterior pituitary hormone secretion using a quaternary opiate antagonist. Neuroendocrinology 54: 384\u2013390.","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02244553","volume":"104","author":"R Spanagel","year":"1991","unstructured":"Spanagel R, Herz A, Bals-Kubik R, Shippenberg TS (1991). Beta-endorphin-induced locomotor stimulation and reinforcement are associated with an increase in dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens. Psychopharmacology (Berlin) 104: 51\u201356.","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berlin)"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1734","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1990.tb04963.x","volume":"55","author":"R Spanagel","year":"1990","unstructured":"Spanagel R, Herz A, Shippenberg TS (1990). The effects of opioid peptides on dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens: an in vivo microdialysis study. J Neurochem 55: 1734\u20131740.","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8225","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.17-21-08225.1997","volume":"17","author":"JK Staley","year":"1997","unstructured":"Staley JK, Rothman RB, Rice KC, Partilla J, Mash DC (1997). Kappa2 opioid receptors in limbic areas of the human brain are upregulated by cocaine in fatal overdose victims. J Neurosci 17: 8225\u20138233.","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR57","first-page":"440","volume":"178","author":"L Toll","year":"1998","unstructured":"Toll L, Berzetei-Gurske IP, Polagar WE, Brandt SR, Adapa ID, Rodriguez L et al (1998). Standard binding and functional assays related to medications development division testing for potential cocaine and opiate narcotic treatment medications. NIDA Res Monogr 178: 440\u2013466.","journal-title":"NIDA Res Monogr"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02244190","volume":"104","author":"KA Trujillo","year":"1991","unstructured":"Trujillo KA, Belluzzi JD, Stein L (1991). Naloxone blockade of amphetamine place preference conditioning. Psychopharmacology (Berlin) 104: 265\u2013274.","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berlin)"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.890150104","volume":"15","author":"EM Unterwald","year":"1993","unstructured":"Unterwald EM, Cox BM, Kreek MJ, Cote TE, Izenwasser S (1993). Chronic repeated cocaine administration alters basal and opioid-regulated adenylyl cyclase activity. Synapse 15: 33\u201338.","journal-title":"Synapse"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(92)90912-S","volume":"584","author":"EM Unterwald","year":"1992","unstructured":"Unterwald EM, Horne-King J, Kreek MJ (1992). Chronic cocaine alters brain mu opioid receptors. Brain Res 584: 314\u2013318.","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1613","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199408150-00018","volume":"5","author":"EM Unterwald","year":"1994","unstructured":"Unterwald EM, Rubenfeld JM, Kreek MJ (1994). Repeated cocaine administration upregulates kappa and mu, but not delta, opioid receptors. Neuroreport 5: 1613\u20131616.","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(97)00931-1","volume":"775","author":"EM Unterwald","year":"1997","unstructured":"Unterwald EM, Tsukada H, Kakiuchi T, Kosugi T, Nishiyama S, Kreek MJ (1997). Use of positron emission tomography to measure the effects of nalmefene on D1 and D2 dopamine receptors in rat brain. Brain Res 775: 183\u2013188.","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0700971","volume":"120","author":"E Ur","year":"1997","unstructured":"Ur E, Wright DM, Bouloux PM, Grossman A (1997). The effects of spiradoline (U-62066E), a kappa-opioid receptor agonist, on neuroendocrine function in man. Br J Pharmacol 120: 781\u2013784.","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1012387","volume":"18","author":"L van Bergeijk","year":"1986","unstructured":"van Bergeijk L, Gooren LJG, van Kessel H, Sassen AM (1986). Effects of naloxone infusion on plasma levels of LH, FSH, and in addition TSH and prolactin in males, before and after oestrogen or anti-oestrogen treatment. Horm Metab Res 18: 611\u2013615.","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1159\/000125128","volume":"49","author":"DA VanVugt","year":"1989","unstructured":"VanVugt DA, Webb MY, Reid RL (1989a). Comparison of the duration of action of nalmefene and naloxone on the hypothalamic-pituitary axis of the rhesus monkey. Neuroendocrinology 49: 275\u2013280.","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1060","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-68-6-1060","volume":"68","author":"DA VanVugt","year":"1989","unstructured":"VanVugt DA, Webb MY, Reid RL (1989b). Naloxone antagonism of corticotropin-releasing hormone stimulation of prolactin secretion in rhesus monkeys. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 68: 1060\u20131066.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4530(80)90026-8","volume":"5","author":"J Volavka","year":"1980","unstructured":"Volavka J, Bauman J, Pevnick J, Reker D, James B, Cho D (1980). Short-term hormonal effects of naloxone in man. Psychoneuroendocrinology 5: 225\u2013234.","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4684-3503-0_17","volume":"116","author":"J Volavka","year":"1979","unstructured":"Volavka J, Mallya A, Bauman J, Pevnick J, Cho D, Reker D et al (1979). Hormonal and other effects of naltrexone in normal men. Adv Exp Med Biol 116: 291\u2013305.","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1992.01820110040006","volume":"49","author":"JR Volpicelli","year":"1992","unstructured":"Volpicelli JR, Alterman AI, Hayashida M, O'Brien CP (1992). Naltrexone in the treatment of alcohol dependence. Arch Gen Psychiatry 49: 876\u2013880.","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR70","first-page":"147","volume":"299","author":"SL Walsh","year":"2001","unstructured":"Walsh SL, Geter-Douglas B, Strain EC, Bigelow GE (2001). Enadoline and butorphanol: evaluation of \u03ba-agonists on cocaine pharmacodynamics and cocaine self-administration in humans. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 299: 147\u2013158.","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-109-2-544","volume":"109","author":"WB Wehrenberg","year":"1981","unstructured":"Wehrenberg WB, McNicol D, Wardlaw SL, Frantz AG, Ferin M (1981). Dopaminergic and serotonergic involvement in opiate-induced prolactin release in monkeys. Endocrinology 109: 544\u2013547.","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR72","first-page":"453","volume":"67","author":"JH Woods","year":"1986","unstructured":"Woods JH, Medzihradsky F, Smith CB, Winger GD, Gmerek DE (1986). Evaluation of new compounds for opioid activity (1985). NIDA Res Monogr 67: 453\u2013489.","journal-title":"NIDA Res Monogr"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/S0361-9230(98)00155-5","volume":"48","author":"V Yuferov","year":"1999","unstructured":"Yuferov V, Zhou Y, Spangler R, Maggos CE, Ho A, Kreek MJ (1999). Acute \u2018binge\u2019 cocaine increases mu-opioid receptor mRNA levels in areas of the rat mesolimbic\u2013mesocortical dopamine system. Brain Res Bull 48: 109\u2013112.","journal-title":"Brain Res Bull"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-003-1688-3","volume":"172","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2004","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Butelman ER, Schlussman SD, Ho A, Kreek MJ (2004a). Effect of the endogenous \u03ba opioid agonist dynorphin A(1\u201317) on cocaine-evoked increases in striatal dopamine levels and cocaine-induced place preference in C57BL\/6J mice. Psychopharmacology 172: 422\u2013429.","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-003-1716-3","volume":"173","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2004","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Butelman ER, Schlussman SD, Ho A, Kreek MJ (2004b). Effect of the \u03ba opioid agonist R-84760 on cocaine-induced increases in striatal dopamine levels and cocaine-induced place preference in C57BL\/6J mice. Psychopharmacology 173: 146\u2013152.","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"BF1300811_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1196-1225","volume":"2","author":"JK Zubieta","year":"1996","unstructured":"Zubieta JK, Gorelick DA, Stauffer R, Ravert HT, Dannals RF, Frost JJ (1996). Increased mu opioid receptor binding detected by PET in cocaine-dependent men is associated with cocaine craving. Nat Med 2: 1225\u20131229.","journal-title":"Nat Med"}],"container-title":["Neuropsychopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/1300811.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/1300811","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/1300811.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,16]],"date-time":"2023-05-16T06:49:19Z","timestamp":1684219759000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/1300811"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,29]]},"references-count":76,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]}},"alternative-id":["BF1300811"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.npp.1300811","relation":{},"ISSN":["0893-133X","1740-634X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0893-133X","type":"print"},{"value":"1740-634X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,29]]}}}