{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T06:44:58Z","timestamp":1792651498614,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,4]],"date-time":"2011-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1312416000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/3.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,4]],"date-time":"2011-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1312416000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/srep00054","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,4]],"date-time":"2011-08-04T14:33:43Z","timestamp":1312468423000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["When a photograph can be heard: Vision activates the auditory cortex within 110\u2005ms"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"Alice Mado","family":"Proverbio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guido Edoardo","family":"D\u2019Aniello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Adorni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Zani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep00054_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1190","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1333","volume":"7","author":"MS Beauchamp","year":"2004","unstructured":"Beauchamp, M. S., Argall, B. D., Bodurka, J., Duyn, J. H. & Martin, A. Unraveling multisensory integration: patchy organization within human STS multisensory cortex. Nat. Neurosci 7(11), 1190\u20131192 (2004).","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci"},{"key":"BFsrep00054_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(04)00070-4","volume":"41","author":"MS Beauchamp","year":"2004","unstructured":"Beauchamp, M. S., Lee, K. E., Argall, B. D. & Martin, A. Integration of auditory and visual information about objects in superior temporal sulcus. Neuron 41(5), 809\u2013823 (2004).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"BFsrep00054_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3932(02)00223-3","volume":"41","author":"D Tranel","year":"2003","unstructured":"Tranel, D., Damasio, H., Eichhorn, G. R., Grabowski, T., Ponto, L. L., Hichwa, R. D. Neural correlates of naming animals from their characteristic sounds. Neuropsychologia, 41(7), 847\u2013854 (2003).","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"BFsrep00054_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.06.025","volume":"43","author":"N van Atteveldt","year":"2004","unstructured":"van Atteveldt, N., Formisano, E., Goebel, R. & Blomert, L. Integration of Letters and Speech Sounds in the Human Brain. Neuron 43, 271 (2004).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"BFsrep00054_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7729","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1076-11.2011","volume":"31","author":"N Naue","year":"2011","unstructured":"Naue, N., Rach, S., Str\u00fcber, D., Huster, R. J., Zaehle, T., K\u00f6rner, U., Herrmann, C. S. Auditory Event-Related Response in Visual Cortex Modulates Subsequent Visual Responses in Humans. J. Neurosci. 31, 7729\u20137736 (2011).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFsrep00054_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(91)90914-F","volume":"127","author":"M Sams","year":"1991","unstructured":"Sams, M., Aulanko, R., H\u00e4m\u00e4l\u00e4inen, M., Hari, R., Lounasmaa, O. V., Lu, S. T., Simola, J. Seeing speech: visual information from lip movements modifies activity in the human auditory cortex. Neurosci. Lett., 127(1), 141\u2013145 (1991).","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"BFsrep00054_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2175","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.2008.20152","volume":"20","author":"DS Kislyuk","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kislyuk, D. S., M\u00f6tt\u00f6nen, R., Sams, M. Visual processing affects the neural basis of auditory discrimination. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 20, 2175\u20132184 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Cogn. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFsrep00054_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14301","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2875-08.2008","volume":"28","author":"J Besle","year":"2008","unstructured":"Besle, J., Fischer, C., Bidet-Caulet, A., Lecaignard, F., Bertrand, O., Giard, M. H. Visual activation and audiovisual interactions in the auditory cortex during speech perception: intracranial recordings in humans. J Neurosci, 28(52), 14301\u201314310 (2008).","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"BFsrep00054_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1070311","volume":"297","author":"E Kohler","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kohler, E., Keysers, C., Umilt\u00e0, M. A., Fogassi, L., Gallese, V., Rizzolatti, G. Hearing Sounds, Understanding Actions: Action Representation in Mirror Neurons. Science 297, 846\u2013848 (2002).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFsrep00054_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-003-1603-5","volume":"153","author":"C Keysers","year":"2003","unstructured":"Keysers, C., Kohler, E., Umilt\u00e0, M. A., Nanetti, L., Fogassi, L., Gallese, V. Audiovisual mirror neurons and action recognition. Exp. Brain Res. 153, 628 (2003).","journal-title":"Exp. Brain Res."},{"key":"BFsrep00054_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2007.01.053","volume":"36","author":"D Senkowski","year":"2007","unstructured":"Senkowski, D., Saint-Amour, D., Kelly, S. P. & Foxe, J. J. Multisensory processing of naturalistic objects in motion: a high-density electrical mapping and source estimation study. Neuroimage 36(3), 877\u2013888 (2007).","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"BFsrep00054_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2009.06.016","volume":"258","author":"J Besle","year":"2009","unstructured":"Besle, J., Bertrand, O. & Giard, M. H. Electrophysiological (EEG, sEEG, MEG) evidence for multiple audiovisual interactions in the human auditory cortex. Hear Res. 258(1\u20132), 143\u2013151 (2009).","journal-title":"Hear Res."},{"key":"BFsrep00054_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1159\/000076722","volume":"49","author":"P Anderer","year":"2004","unstructured":"Anderer, P., Saletu, B., Saletu-Zyhlarz, G., Gruber, D., Metka, M., Huber, J., Pascual-Marqui, R. D. Brain Regions Activated during an Auditory Discrimination Task in Insomniac Postmenopausal Patients before and after Hormone Replacement Therapy: Low-Resolution Brain Electromagnetic Tomography Applied to Event-Related Potentials. Neuropsychobiology 49, 134 (2004).","journal-title":"Neuropsychobiology"},{"key":"BFsrep00054_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5344","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5039-07.2008","volume":"28","author":"GF Alpert","year":"2008","unstructured":"Alpert, G. F., Hein, G., Tsai, N., Naumer, M. J. & Knight, R. T. Temporal Characteristics of Audiovisual Information Processing. J. Neurosci. 28, 5344\u20135349 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFsrep00054_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.125.6.826","volume":"125","author":"R N\u00e4\u00e4t\u00e4nen","year":"1999","unstructured":"N\u00e4\u00e4t\u00e4nen, R. & Winkler, I. The concept of auditory stimulus representation in cognitive neuroscience. Psychol. Bull. 125(6), 826\u2013859 (1999).","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"key":"BFsrep00054_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.2010.01070.x","volume":"48","author":"J Wu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wu, J., Yu, Z., Mai, X., Wei, J. & Luo, Y. Pitch and loudness information encoded in auditory imagery as revealed by event-related potentials. Psychophysiology 48(3), 415\u20139 (2011).","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"BFsrep00054_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liebenthal, E., Desai, R., Ellingson, M. M., Ramachandran, B., Desai, A., Binder, J. R. Specialization along the Left Superior Temporal Sulcus for Auditory Categorization. Cereb. Cortex 20, 2958\u20132970.","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhq045"},{"key":"BFsrep00054_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Beauchamp, M. S., Nath, A. R. & Pasalar, S. fMRI-Guided Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Reveals That the Superior Temporal Sulcus Is a Cortical Locus of the McGurk Effect. J. Neurosci. 30, 2414\u20132417.","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4865-09.2010"},{"key":"BFsrep00054_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aglioti, S. & Pazzaglia, M. Representing actions through their sound. Exp. Brain Res. 206, 141\u2013151.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-010-2344-x"},{"key":"BFsrep00054_CR20","first-page":"110","volume":"27","author":"LA Bentaleb","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bentaleb, L. A., Beauregard, M., Liddle, P. & Stip, E. Cerebral activity associated with auditory verbal hallucinations: a functional magnetic resonance imaging case study. J Psychiatry Neurosci. 27(2), 110\u20135 (2002).","journal-title":"J Psychiatry Neurosci."},{"key":"BFsrep00054_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00373-4","volume":"46","author":"C Levitan","year":"1999","unstructured":"Levitan, C., Ward, P. B. & Catts, S. V. Superior temporal gyral volumes and laterality correlates of auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia. Biol. Psychiatry 46, 955\u201362 (1999).","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"BFsrep00054_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-8760(84)90014-X","volume":"18","author":"RD Pasqual-Marqui","year":"1994","unstructured":"Pasqual-Marqui, R. D., Michel, C. M. & Lehmann, D. Low resolution electromagnetic tomography: a new method for localizing electrical activity in the brain. Int. J. Psychophysiol. 18, 49\u201365 (1994).","journal-title":"Int. J. Psychophysiol."}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1038\/srep01122","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,17]],"date-time":"2013-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1358380800000}}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/srep00054","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/srep00054.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/srep00054.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,6]],"date-time":"2023-01-06T04:10:12Z","timestamp":1672978212000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/srep00054"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,4]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,23]]}},"alternative-id":["BFsrep00054"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/srep00054","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 April 2011","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 July 2011","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 August 2011","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 January 2013","order":4,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Update","order":5,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"A correction has been published and is appended to both the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.","order":6,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 January 2013","order":7,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Erratum","order":8,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"As the makers of silent movies knew well, it is not necessary to provide an actual auditory stimulus to activate the sensation of sounds typically associated with what we are viewing. Thus, you could almost hear the neigh of Rodolfo Valentino's horse, even though the film was mute. Evidence is provided that the mere sight of a photograph associated with a sound can activate the associative auditory cortex. High-density ERPs were recorded in 15 participants while they viewed hundreds of perceptually matched images that were associated (or not) with a given sound. Sound stimuli were discriminated from non-sound stimuli as early as 110\u2005ms. SwLORETA reconstructions showed common activation of ventral stream areas for both types of stimuli and of the associative temporal cortex, at the earliest stage, only for sound stimuli. The primary auditory cortex (BA41) was also activated by sound images after \u223c 200\u2005ms.","order":9,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing financial interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"54"}}