{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T02:37:27Z","timestamp":1777689447599,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,9]],"date-time":"2014-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1397001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,9]],"date-time":"2014-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1397001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/srep04608","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,9]],"date-time":"2014-04-09T09:01:38Z","timestamp":1397034098000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":86,"title":["In vitro model suggests oxidative stress involved in keratoconus disease"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"D.","family":"Karamichos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. E. K.","family":"Hutcheon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C. B.","family":"Rich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Trinkaus-Randall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. M.","family":"Asara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. D.","family":"Zieske","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1006\/exer.1997.0410","volume":"66","author":"E Spoerl","year":"1998","unstructured":"Spoerl, E., Huhle, M. & Seiler, T. Induction of cross-links in corneal tissue. Exp Eye Res. 66, 97\u2013103, 10.1006\/exer.1997.0410 (1998).","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR2","first-page":"203","volume":"97","author":"E Sporl","year":"2000","unstructured":"Sporl, E., Schreiber, J., Hellmund, K., Seiler, T. & Knuschke, P. [Studies on the stabilization of the cornea in rabbits]. Zeitschrift der DOG 97, 203\u2013206 (2000).","journal-title":"Zeitschrift der DOG"},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.61.12.761","volume":"61","author":"A Rahi","year":"1977","unstructured":"Rahi, A., Davies, P., Ruben, M., Lobascher, D. & Menon, J. Keratoconus and coexisting atopic disease. Br J Ophthalmol. 61, 761\u2013764, DOI 10.1136\/bjo.61.12.761 (1977).","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR4","first-page":"991","volume":"10","author":"AR Gasset","year":"1978","unstructured":"Gasset, A. R., Hinson, W. A. & Frias, J. L. Keratoconus and atopic diseases. Ann Ophthalmol. 10, 991\u2013994 (1978).","journal-title":"Ann Ophthalmol."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1136\/Bjo.84.8.834","volume":"84","author":"AM Bawazeer","year":"2000","unstructured":"Bawazeer, A. M., Hodge, W. G. & Lorimer, B. Atopy and keratoconus: a multivariate analysis. Br J Ophthalmol. 84, 834\u2013836, Doi 10.1136\/Bjo.84.8.834 (2000).","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.47.6.321","volume":"47","author":"JF Cullen","year":"1963","unstructured":"Cullen, J. F. & Butler, H. G. Mongolism (Down's Syndrome) and Keratoconus. Br J Ophthalmol. 47, 321\u2013330 (1963).","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)76031-3","volume":"99","author":"MB Shapiro","year":"1985","unstructured":"Shapiro, M. B. & France, T. D. The ocular features of Down's syndrome. Am J Ophthalmol. 99, 659\u2013663 (1985).","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1975.tb111590.x","volume":"1","author":"I Robertson","year":"1975","unstructured":"Robertson, I. Keratoconus and the Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: a new aspect of keratoconus. Med J Aust. 1, 571\u2013573 (1975).","journal-title":"Med J Aust."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-1313.1990.tb00882.x","volume":"10","author":"EG Woodward","year":"1990","unstructured":"Woodward, E. G. & Morris, M. T. Joint hypermobility in keratoconus. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 10, 360\u2013362 (1990).","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.55.1.50","volume":"55","author":"D Pierse","year":"1971","unstructured":"Pierse, D. & Eustace, P. Acute keratoconus in mongols. Br J Ophthalmol. 55, 50\u201354 (1971).","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3345","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.05-1500","volume":"47","author":"N Udar","year":"2006","unstructured":"Udar, N. et al. SOD1: a candidate gene for keratoconus. Invest Ophth Vis Sci. 47, 3345\u20133351, 10.1167\/iovs.05-1500 (2006).","journal-title":"Invest Ophth Vis Sci."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-9233.75876","volume":"18","author":"DM Nowak","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nowak, D. M. & Gajecka, M. The genetics of keratoconus. MEAJO. 18, 2\u20136, 10.4103\/0974-9233.75876 (2011).","journal-title":"MEAJO."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1042\/Bj20061131","volume":"401","author":"B Halliwell","year":"2007","unstructured":"Halliwell, B. Oxidative stress and cancer: have we moved forward? Biochem J. 401, 1\u201311, Doi 10.1042\/Bj20061131 (2007).","journal-title":"Biochem J."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2006.07.001","volume":"39","author":"M Valko","year":"2007","unstructured":"Valko, M. et al. Free radicals and antioxidants in normal physiological functions and human disease. The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology 39, 44\u201384, 10.1016\/j.biocel.2006.07.001 (2007).","journal-title":"The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology"},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00944786","volume":"147","author":"N Singh","year":"1995","unstructured":"Singh, N., Dhalla, A. K., Seneviratne, C. & Singal, P. K. Oxidative stress and heart failure. Mol Cell Biochem. 147, 77\u201381 (1995).","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biochem."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2011.05.027","volume":"499","author":"OM Dean","year":"2011","unstructured":"Dean, O. M. et al. N-acetyl cysteine restores brain glutathione loss in combined 2-cyclohexene-1-one and d-amphetamine-treated rats: relevance to schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Neurosci Lett. 499, 149\u2013153, 10.1016\/j.neulet.2011.05.027 (2011).","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1472-8206.2011.01015.x","volume":"27","author":"A Ramond","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ramond, A. et al. Oxidative stress mediates cardiac infarction aggravation induced by intermittent hypoxia. FCP. 27, 252\u2013261, 10.1111\/j.1472-8206.2011.01015.x (2011).","journal-title":"FCP."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR18","first-page":"10","volume":"26","author":"MC Kenney","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kenney, M. C., Brown, D. J. & Rajeev, B. Everett Kinsey lecture. The elusive causes of keratoconus: a working hypothesis. CLAO J. 26, 10\u201313 (2000).","journal-title":"CLAO J."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/0039-6257(85)90063-3","volume":"30","author":"JV Greiner","year":"1985","unstructured":"Greiner, J. V., Kopp, S. J. & Glonek, T. Phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance and ocular metabolism. Surv Ophthalmol. 30, 189\u2013202 (1985).","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1916","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.03-1292","volume":"45","author":"O Risa","year":"2004","unstructured":"Risa, O. et al. Metabolic changes in rat lens after in vivo exposure to ultraviolet irradiation: measurements by high resolution MAS 1H NMR spectroscopy. Invest Ophth Vis Sci. 45, 1916\u20131921 (2004).","journal-title":"Invest Ophth Vis Sci."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.3390\/jfb3040760","volume":"3","author":"D Karamichos","year":"2012","unstructured":"Karamichos, D. et al. Novel in vitro model for keratoconus disease. JFB. 3, 760\u2013775, 10.3390\/jfb3040760 (2012).","journal-title":"JFB."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Locasale, J. W. et al. Metabolomics of human cerebrospinal fluid identifies signatures of malignant glioma. Molecular & cellular proteomics: MCP. 11, M111 014688, doi:10.1074\/mcp.M111.014688 (2012).","DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.M111.014688"},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e25357","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0025357","volume":"6","author":"AD Kelly","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kelly, A. D. et al. Metabolomic profiling from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor tissue using targeted LC\/MS\/MS: application in sarcoma. PLoS One 6, e25357, 10.1371\/journal.pone.0025357 (2011).","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2012.024","volume":"7","author":"M Yuan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yuan, M., Breitkopf, S. B., Yang, X. & Asara, J. M. A positive\/negative ion-switching, targeted mass spectrometry-based metabolomics platform for bodily fluids, cells and fresh and fixed tissue. N prot. 7, 872\u2013881, 10.1038\/nprot.2012.024 (2012).","journal-title":"N prot."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2012.11.003","volume":"47","author":"C Webhofer","year":"2013","unstructured":"Webhofer, C. et al. Proteomic and metabolomic profiling reveals time-dependent changes in hippocampal metabolism upon paroxetine treatment and biomarker candidates. J Psychiatr Res. 47, 289\u2013298, 10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2012.11.003 (2013).","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4050","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.06-1216","volume":"48","author":"X Guo","year":"2007","unstructured":"Guo, X. et al. Morphologic characterization of organized extracellular matrix deposition by ascorbic acid-stimulated human corneal fibroblasts. Invest Ophth Vis Sci. 48, 4050\u20134060, 10.1167\/iovs.06-1216 (2007).","journal-title":"Invest Ophth Vis Sci."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e228","DOI":"10.1002\/term.429","volume":"5","author":"D Karamichos","year":"2011","unstructured":"Karamichos, D., Hutcheon, A. E. & Zieske, J. D. Transforming growth factor-beta3 regulates assembly of a non-fibrotic matrix in a 3D corneal model. JTERM 5, e228\u2013238, 10.1002\/term.429 (2011).","journal-title":"JTERM"},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6612","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.13-12861","volume":"54","author":"D Karamichos","year":"2013","unstructured":"Karamichos, D. et al. TGF-beta3 stimulates stromal matrix assembly by human corneal keratocyte-like cells. Invest Ophth Vis Sci. 54, 6612\u20136619, 10.1167\/iovs.13-12861 (2013).","journal-title":"Invest Ophth Vis Sci."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2012.11.003","volume":"47","author":"C Webhofer","year":"2013","unstructured":"Webhofer, C. et al. Proteomic and metabolomic profiling reveals time-dependent changes in hippocampal metabolism upon paroxetine treatment and biomarker candidates. J Psychiatr Res. 47, 289\u2013298, DOI 10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2012.11.003 (2013).","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"W652","DOI":"10.1093\/Nar\/Gkp356","volume":"37","author":"JG Xia","year":"2009","unstructured":"Xia, J. G., Psychogios, N., Young, N. & Wishart, D. S. MetaboAnalyst: a web server for metabolomic data analysis and interpretation. Nucleic Acids Res. 37, W652\u2013W660, Doi 10.1093\/Nar\/Gkp356 (2009).","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1981.sp013971","volume":"321","author":"SD Klyce","year":"1981","unstructured":"Klyce, S. D. Stromal lactate accumulation can account for corneal oedema osmotically following epithelial hypoxia in the rabbit. J Physiol. 321, 49\u201364 (1981).","journal-title":"J Physiol."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3685","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI69741","volume":"123","author":"JR Doherty","year":"2013","unstructured":"Doherty, J. R. & Cleveland, J. L. Targeting lactate metabolism for cancer therapeutics. JCI. 123, 3685\u20133692, 10.1172\/JCI69741 (2013).","journal-title":"JCI."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00410764","volume":"185","author":"E Schutte","year":"1972","unstructured":"Schutte, E., Schulz, I. & Reim, M. Lactate and pyruvate levels in the aqueous humor and in the cornea after cyclodiathermy. Albrecht Von Graefes Arch Klin Exp Ophthalmol. 185, 325\u2013330 (1972).","journal-title":"Albrecht Von Graefes Arch Klin Exp Ophthalmol."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1007\/s11259-012-9515-0","volume":"36","author":"GB Li","year":"2012","unstructured":"Li, G. B., Lee, P., Mori, N., Yamamoto, I. & Arai, T. Long term intensive exercise training leads to a higher plasma malate\/lactate dehydrogenase (M\/L) ratio and increased level of lipid mobilization in horses. Vet Res Commun. 36, 149\u2013155, DOI 10.1007\/s11259-012-9515-0 (2012).","journal-title":"Vet Res Commun."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR35","first-page":"16","volume":"75","author":"J Magalhaes","year":"2004","unstructured":"Magalhaes, J. et al. Oxidative stress in humans during and after 4\u2005hours of hypoxia at a simulated altitude of 5500 m. Aviat Space Environ Med. 75, 16\u201322 (2004).","journal-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.3892\/Ol.2012.931","volume":"4","author":"O Zitka","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zitka, O. et al. Redox status expressed as GSH:GSSG ratio as a marker for oxidative stress in paediatric tumour patients. Oncol Lett. 4, 1247\u20131253, Doi 10.3892\/Ol.2012.931 (2012).","journal-title":"Oncol Lett."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1006\/abbi.1994.1167","volume":"310","author":"YC Chai","year":"1994","unstructured":"Chai, Y. C., Ashraf, S. S., Rokutan, K., Johnston, R. B., Jr & Thomas, J. A. S-thiolation of individual human neutrophil proteins including actin by stimulation of the respiratory burst: evidence against a role for glutathione disulfide. Arch Biochem Biophys. 310, 273\u2013281, 10.1006\/abbi.1994.1167 (1994).","journal-title":"Arch Biochem Biophys."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8592","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.11-7732","volume":"52","author":"E Arnal","year":"2011","unstructured":"Arnal, E., Peris-Martinez, C., Menezo, J. L., Johnsen-Soriano, S. & Romero, F. J. Oxidative stress in keratoconus? Invest Ophth Vis Sci. 52, 8592\u20138597, 10.1167\/iovs.11-7732 (2011).","journal-title":"Invest Ophth Vis Sci."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2997","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201141683","volume":"41","author":"H Fu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fu, H. et al. Arginine depletion as a mechanism for the immune privilege of corneal allografts. Eur J Immunol. 41, 2997\u20133005, DOI 10.1002\/eji.201141683 (2011).","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2020","DOI":"10.1167\/Iovs.12-9475","volume":"53","author":"TT Nguyen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nguyen, T. T. & Bonanno, J. A. Lactate-H+ transport is a significant component of the in vivo corneal endothelial pump. Invest Ophth Vis Sci. 53, 2020\u20132029, Doi 10.1167\/Iovs.12-9475 (2012).","journal-title":"Invest Ophth Vis Sci."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422X-10-251","volume":"10","author":"UZ Paracha","year":"2013","unstructured":"Paracha, U. Z. et al. Oxidative stress and hepatitis C virus. Virology J. 10, 251, 10.1186\/1743-422X-10-251 (2013).","journal-title":"Virology J."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48742","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M408754200","volume":"279","author":"LC Seaver","year":"2004","unstructured":"Seaver, L. C. & Imlay, J. A. Are respiratory enzymes the primary sources of intracellular hydrogen peroxide? JBC. 279, 48742\u201348750, 10.1074\/jbc.M408754200 (2004).","journal-title":"JBC."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mam.2004.02.005","volume":"25","author":"E Cadenas","year":"2004","unstructured":"Cadenas, E. Mitochondrial free radical production and cell signaling. Mol Aspects Med. 25, 17\u201326, 10.1016\/j.mam.2004.02.005 (2004).","journal-title":"Mol Aspects Med."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"B475","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/56.11.B475","volume":"56","author":"M Pollack","year":"2001","unstructured":"Pollack, M. & Leeuwenburgh, C. Apoptosis and aging: role of the mitochondria. Journals Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 56, B475\u2013482 (2001).","journal-title":"Journals Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2004.09.010","volume":"37","author":"HC Lee","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lee, H. C. & Wei, Y. H. Mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial DNA maintenance of mammalian cells under oxidative stress. Int J Biochem Cell Bio. 37, 822\u2013834, 10.1016\/j.biocel.2004.09.010 (2005).","journal-title":"Int J Biochem Cell Bio."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.69.5.1293","volume":"69","author":"A Mugge","year":"1991","unstructured":"Mugge, A. et al. Chronic treatment with polyethylene-glycolated superoxide dismutase partially restores endothelium-dependent vascular relaxations in cholesterol-fed rabbits. Circ Res. 69, 1293\u20131300 (1991).","journal-title":"Circ Res."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.82.12.1298","volume":"82","author":"FJ Miller Jr","year":"1998","unstructured":"Miller, F. J., Jr, Gutterman, D. D., Rios, C. D., Heistad, D. D. & Davidson, B. L. Superoxide production in vascular smooth muscle contributes to oxidative stress and impaired relaxation in atherosclerosis. Circ Res. 82, 1298\u20131305 (1998).","journal-title":"Circ Res."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04634","volume":"440","author":"N Houstis","year":"2006","unstructured":"Houstis, N., Rosen, E. D. & Lander, E. S. Reactive oxygen species have a causal role in multiple forms of insulin resistance. Nature 440, 944\u2013948, 10.1038\/nature04634 (2006).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4361","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.08-1969","volume":"49","author":"M Chwa","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chwa, M. et al. Hypersensitive response to oxidative stress in keratoconus corneal fibroblasts. Invest Ophth Vis Sci 49, 4361\u20134369, 10.1167\/iovs.08-1969 (2008).","journal-title":"Invest Ophth Vis Sci"},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e3181ca3a69","volume":"29","author":"P Karicherla","year":"2010","unstructured":"Karicherla, P., Aras, S., Aiyar, A. & Hobden, J. A. Nona-D-arginine amide suppresses corneal cytokines in Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis. Cornea. 29, 1308\u20131314, 10.1097\/ICO.0b013e3181ca3a69 (2010).","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-2952(03)00504-5","volume":"66","author":"A Pompella","year":"2003","unstructured":"Pompella, A., Visvikis, A., Paolicchi, A., De Tata, V. & Casini, A. F. The changing faces of glutathione, a cellular protagonist. Biochem Pharmacol. 66, 1499\u20131503 (2003).","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1097\/00003226-199303000-00010","volume":"12","author":"TD Gondhowiardjo","year":"1993","unstructured":"Gondhowiardjo, T. D. et al. Analysis of corneal aldehyde dehydrogenase patterns in pathologic corneas. Cornea 12, 146\u2013154 (1993).","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1097\/00003226-199307000-00006","volume":"12","author":"TD Gondhowiardjo","year":"1993","unstructured":"Gondhowiardjo, T. D. & van Haeringen, N. J. Corneal aldehyde dehydrogenase, glutathione reductase and glutathione S-transferase in pathologic corneas. Cornea. 12, 310\u2013314 (1993).","journal-title":"Cornea."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1177\/002215540205000306","volume":"50","author":"R Buddi","year":"2002","unstructured":"Buddi, R. et al. Evidence of oxidative stress in human corneal diseases. J Histochem Cytochem. 50, 341\u2013351 (2002).","journal-title":"J Histochem Cytochem."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1159\/000060656","volume":"29","author":"J Wenk","year":"2001","unstructured":"Wenk, J. et al. UV-induced oxidative stress and photoaging. Curr Probl Dermatol. 29, 83\u201394 (2001).","journal-title":"Curr Probl Dermatol."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4835(90)90154-M","volume":"51","author":"M Abedinia","year":"1990","unstructured":"Abedinia, M., Pain, T., Algar, E. M. & Holmes, R. S. Bovine corneal aldehyde dehydrogenase: the major soluble corneal protein with a possible dual protective role for the eye. Exp Eye Res. 51, 419\u2013426 (1990).","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/0039-6257(87)90096-8","volume":"32","author":"NA Rao","year":"1987","unstructured":"Rao, N. A., Romero, J. L., Fernandez, M. A., Sevanian, A. & Marak, G. E., Jr Role of free radicals in uveitis. Surv Ophthalmol. 32, 209\u2013213 (1987).","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR58","unstructured":"Brooker, R. J. Genetics: Analysis and Principles. 4th edn, (McGraw-Hill Science, 2011)."},{"key":"BFsrep04608_CR59","first-page":"794","volume":"52","author":"TP Devasagayam","year":"2004","unstructured":"Devasagayam, T. P. et al. Free radicals and antioxidants in human health: current status and future prospects. J Assoc Physicians India. 52, 794\u2013804 (2004).","journal-title":"J Assoc Physicians India."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/srep04608.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/srep04608","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/srep04608.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,6]],"date-time":"2023-01-06T08:03:55Z","timestamp":1672992235000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/srep04608"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,9]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,17]]}},"alternative-id":["BFsrep04608"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/srep04608","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 February 2014","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 March 2014","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 April 2014","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing financial interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"4608"}}