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In this study, pulmonary tuberculosis caused by <jats:italic>M. bovis<\/jats:italic> in China was studied. A total of 4069 clinical strains isolated from sputa during the 2007\u20132009 nationwide surveillance of drug-resistant tuberculosis in China were analyzed. <jats:italic>M. bovis<\/jats:italic> was identified by para-nitrobenzoic acid and thiophen-2-carboxylic acid hydrazide growth tests, spoligotyping and multiplex PCR amplification. In addition, a total of 1828 clinical specimens were recruited from Beijing Chest Hospital (Beijing, China) for L\u00f6wenstein-Jensen (LJ) culture, both on standard LJ medium and LJ medium containing 4.5\u2005mg\/ml(W\/V) sodium pyruvate, the latter being the preferred medium for <jats:italic>M. bovis<\/jats:italic> growth. The isolates which demonstrated more vigorous on pyruvate containing medium than on standard LJ medium were then identified by multiplex PCR amplification. Only 1 isolate from the nationwide surveillance was confirmed as <jats:italic>M. bovis<\/jats:italic>-BCG. The isolate belonged to a predominant spoligotype SB0120 (ST482). In addition, no <jats:italic>M. bovis<\/jats:italic> isolate was acquired by the continuous screening step in Beijing Chest Hospital. <jats:italic>M. bovis<\/jats:italic> has a negligible contribution to pulmonary tuberculosis in China, so neither laboratory identification nor clinical treatment of <jats:italic>M. bovis<\/jats:italic> infection need be considered in routine work.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep08538","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,4]],"date-time":"2015-03-04T10:49:30Z","timestamp":1425466170000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Pulmonary Tuberculosis Caused by Mycobacterium bovis in China"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Guanglu","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guirong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suting","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xia","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaobo","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liping","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yifeng","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lingling","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hairong","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep08538_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1637","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.4.1637-1650.2003","volume":"41","author":"RC Huard","year":"2003","unstructured":"Huard, R. 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