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Mosquito vectors are suspected to participate in the transmission and environmental maintenance of the bacterium. However, mechanisms and consequences of mosquito contamination by <jats:italic>M. ulcerans<\/jats:italic> are not well understood. We evaluated the metabolome of the <jats:italic>Anopheles gambiae<\/jats:italic> mosquito to profile the metabolic changes associated with bacterial colonization. Contamination of mosquitoes with live <jats:italic>M. ulcerans<\/jats:italic> bacilli results in disruptions to lipid metabolic pathways of the mosquito, specifically the utilization of glycerolipid molecules, an affect that was not observed in mosquitoes exposed to dead <jats:italic>M. ulcerans<\/jats:italic>. These results are consistent with aberrations of lipid metabolism described in other mycobacterial infections, implying global host-pathogen interactions shared across diverse saprophytic and pathogenic mycobacterial species. This study implicates features of the bacterium, such as the putative <jats:italic>M. ulcerans<\/jats:italic> encoded phospholipase enzyme, which promote virulence, survival and active adaptation in concert with mosquito development and provides significant groundwork for enhanced studies of the vector-pathogen interactions using metabolomics profiling. Lastly, metabolic and survival data suggest an interaction which is unlikely to contribute to transmission of <jats:italic>M. ulcerans<\/jats:italic> by <jats:italic>A. gambiae<\/jats:italic> and more likely to contribute to persistence of <jats:italic>M. ulcerans<\/jats:italic> in waters cohabitated by both organisms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep09242","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,18]],"date-time":"2015-03-18T10:20:07Z","timestamp":1426674007000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Analysis of the metabolome of Anopheles gambiae mosquito after exposure to Mycobacterium ulcerans"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"J. 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