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While fungi have been identified as a putative source of N\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O, little is known about their production of this greenhouse gas. Here we investigated the N\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O-producing ability of a collection of 207 fungal isolates. Seventy strains producing N\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O in pure culture were identified. They were mostly species from the order\n                    <jats:italic>Hypocreales<\/jats:italic>\n                    order\u2014particularly\n                    <jats:italic>Fusarium oxysporum<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Trichoderma<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp.\u2014and to a lesser extent species from the orders\n                    <jats:italic>Eurotiales, Sordariales and Chaetosphaeriales.<\/jats:italic>\n                    The N\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sup>15<\/jats:sup>\n                    N site preference (SP) values of the fungal strains ranged from 15.8\u2030 to 36.7\u2030 and we observed a significant taxa effect, with\n                    <jats:italic>Penicillium<\/jats:italic>\n                    strains displaying lower SP values than the other fungal genera. Inoculation of 15 N\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O-producing strains into pre-sterilized arable, forest and grassland soils confirmed the ability of the strains to produce N\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O in soil with a significant strain-by-soil effect. The copper-containing nitrite reductase gene (\n                    <jats:italic>nirK<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) was amplified from 45 N\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O-producing strains and its genetic variability showed a strong congruence with the\n                    <jats:italic>ITS<\/jats:italic>\n                    phylogeny, indicating vertical inheritance of this trait. Taken together, this comprehensive set of findings should enhance our knowledge of fungi as a source of N\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O in the environment.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep09697","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,20]],"date-time":"2015-04-20T12:51:33Z","timestamp":1429534293000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":219,"title":["N2O production, a widespread trait in fungi"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Koki","family":"Maeda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aym\u00e9","family":"Spor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V\u00e9ronique","family":"Edel-Hermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9cile","family":"Heraud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie-Christine","family":"Breuil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florian","family":"Bizouard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sakae","family":"Toyoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naohiro","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Steinberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurent","family":"Philippot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep09697_CR1","unstructured":"Davidson, E. 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