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FOXP3-positive Treg cells are a critical helper T cell subset and dysregulation of Treg generation or function results in systemic autoimmunity. FOXP3 associates with EZH2 to mediate gene repression and suppressive function. Herein, we demonstrate that deletion of\n                    <jats:italic>Ezh2<\/jats:italic>\n                    in CD4 T cells resulted in reduced numbers of Treg cells\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    and differentiation\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    and an increased proportion of memory CD4 T cells in part due to exaggerated production of effector cytokines. Furthermore, we found that both\n                    <jats:italic>Ezh2-<\/jats:italic>\n                    deficient Treg cells and T effector cells were functionally impaired\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    : Tregs failed to constrain autoimmune colitis and T effector cells neither provided a protective response to\n                    <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection nor mediated autoimmune colitis. The dichotomous function of EZH2 in regulating differentiation and senescence in effector and regulatory T cells helps to explain the apparent existing contradictions in literature.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep10643","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,19]],"date-time":"2015-06-19T08:36:43Z","timestamp":1434703003000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":129,"title":["EZH2 is crucial for both differentiation of regulatory T cells and T effector cell expansion"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Xiang-Ping","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kan","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiyoshi","family":"Hirahara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Golnaz","family":"Vahedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Behdad","family":"Afzali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Sciume","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Bonelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong-Wei","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dragana","family":"Jankovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuka","family":"Kanno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vittorio","family":"Sartorelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John J.","family":"O\u2019Shea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arian","family":"Laurence","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep10643_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1098","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1178334","volume":"327","author":"JJ O\u2019Shea","year":"2010","unstructured":"O\u2019Shea, J. 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