{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T07:55:18Z","timestamp":1791186918547,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,2]],"date-time":"2015-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1435795200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,2]],"date-time":"2015-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1435795200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a prospective cohort study among HIV-negative MSM aged 18 years or older between 2007 and 2012 in Beijing, China to measure the rates of incident HIV and identify risk factors for infection. Among 5,800 participants evaluated at enrollment, we identified 486 prevalent cases of HIV (8.4%). Among the 3,625 enrollees who were HIV-negative at enrollment and completed at least one follow-up interview, we identified 440 incident cases of HIV in the follow up period: this constituted an HIV incidence rate of 7.1 per 100 person-years (95% CI: 6.4\u20137.7). Early treatment of syphilis may have significantly reduced risk of HIV infection (RR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.11\u20131.93), while MSM presenting perfect compliance in the cohort did not show reduction in HIV infection. Our study suggested that HIV incidence has been remained high in this sample of Chinese MSM during the intensive preventive intervention, suggesting that we need to find new strategies to prevent HIV infection in this population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep11205","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,2]],"date-time":"2015-07-02T12:55:18Z","timestamp":1435841718000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["HIV burden in men who have sex with men: a prospective cohort study 2007\u20132012"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Zhongwei","family":"Jia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaojie","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ning","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peipei","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yixuan","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiying","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feili","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongwei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanmei","family":"Jiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunxia","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yonghong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caiping","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danlei","family":"Mou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dexi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huiping","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyue","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinkou","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathrine","family":"Meyers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ted","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth","family":"Mayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua A","family":"Salomon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zuhong","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Dye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep11205_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1228160","volume":"339","author":"F Tanser","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tanser, F. et al. High coverage of ART associated with decline in risk of HIV acquisition in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Science 339, 966\u2013971(2013).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFsrep11205_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1093\/epirev\/mxq011","volume":"32","author":"C Beyrer","year":"2010","unstructured":"Beyrer, C. et al. The expanding epidemics of HIV-1 among men who have sex with men in low and middle income countries: diversity and consistency. Epidemiol Rev 32,137\u2013151(2010).","journal-title":"Epidemiol Rev"},{"key":"BFsrep11205_CR3","unstructured":"CDC. Prevalence and awareness of HIV infection among men who have sex with men-21 cities, United States, 2008. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 59, 1201\u20131207 (2010)."},{"key":"BFsrep11205_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2009.03.004","volume":"19","author":"PS Sullivan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sullivan, P. S. et al. Reemergence of the HIV epidemic among men who have sex with men in North America, Western Europe and Australia, 1996\u20132005. Ann Epidemio. 19, 423\u2013431(2009).","journal-title":"Ann Epidemio"},{"key":"BFsrep11205_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60821-6","volume":"380","author":"C Beyrer","year":"2012","unstructured":"Beyrer, C. et al. Global epidemiology of HIV infection in men who have sex with men. The Lancet 380, 367\u2013377 (2012).","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"BFsrep11205_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2010.043711","volume":"87","author":"G Mumtaz","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mumtaz, G. et al. HIV-1 molecular epidemiology evidence and transmission patterns in the Middle East and North Africa. Sex Transm Infect. 87, 101\u2013106 (2011).","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect."},{"key":"BFsrep11205_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1000444","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000444","volume":"8","author":"G Mumtaz","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mumtaz, G. et al. Are HIV epidemics among men who have sex with men emerging in the Middle East and North Africa? a systematic review and data synthesis. PLoS Med. 8, e1000444 (2010).","journal-title":"PLoS Med."},{"key":"BFsrep11205_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Beyrer, C. et al. In The global HIV epidemics among men who have sex with men 1\u20132 (The World Bank 2011).","DOI":"10.1596\/9780821387269_CH01"},{"key":"BFsrep11205_CR9","unstructured":"Ministry of Health of the People\u2019s Republic of China. 2012 China AIDS Response Progress Report. (2012) Available at: http:\/\/www.unaids.org.cn\/pics\/20120614140133.pdf (Accessed: 13th March 2015)."},{"key":"BFsrep11205_CR10","unstructured":"Ministry of Health of People\u2019s Republic of China, Joint United Nations Programme on HIV\/AIDS, World Health Organization. In 2011 estimates for the HIV\/AIDS epidemic in China 16-20 (China CDC, 2012)."},{"key":"BFsrep11205_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e23431","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0023431","volume":"6","author":"HM Li","year":"2011","unstructured":"Li, H. M. et al.HIV Incidence among Men Who Have Sex with Men in China: A Meta-Analysis of Published Studies. PloS ONE 6, e23431 (2011).","journal-title":"PloS ONE"},{"key":"BFsrep11205_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, D. et al. HIV incidence among men who have sex with men in Beijing: a prospective cohort study. BMJ Open 19, 10.1136 \/ bmjopen \u2013 2012 - 001829 (2012).","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-001829"},{"key":"BFsrep11205_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(13)70245-7","volume":"13","author":"L Zhang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhang, L. et al. HIV prevalence in China: integration of surveillance data and a systematic review. The Lancet Infect Dis. 13, 955\u2013963(2013).","journal-title":"The Lancet Infect Dis."},{"key":"BFsrep11205_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1105243","volume":"365","author":"MS Cohen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cohen, M. S. et al. Prevention of HIV-1 Infection with Early Antiretroviral Therapy. N Engl J Med. 365, 493\u2013505 (2011).","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"BFsrep11205_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1228160","volume":"339","author":"F Tanser","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tanser, F., B\u00e4rnighausen, T., Grapsa, E., Zaidi, J. & Newell, M. L. High coverage of ART associated with decline in risk of HIV acquisition in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Science 339, 966\u201371 (2013).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFsrep11205_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1535","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60733-9","volume":"383","author":"J Maurice","year":"2014","unstructured":"Maurice, J. South Africa\u2019s battle against HIV\/AIDS gains momentum. The Lancet 383, 1535\u20131536 (2014).","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"BFsrep11205_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.320.7248.1487","volume":"320","author":"A Grulich","year":"2000","unstructured":"Grulich, A. HIV risk behavior in gay men: on the rise? Br Med J. 320, 1487\u20131488 (2000).","journal-title":"Br Med J."},{"key":"BFsrep11205_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a115445","volume":"130","author":"NA Hessol","year":"1989","unstructured":"Hessol, N. A. et al. Prevalence, incidence and progression of human immuno deficiency virus infection in homosexual and bisexual men in Hepatitis Bvaccine trials, 1978-1988. Am J Epidemiol. 130, 1167\u20131175 (1989).","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol."},{"key":"BFsrep11205_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1015453332756","volume":"6","author":"M Sampaio","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sampaio, M. et al. Reducing AIDS risk among men who have sex with men in Salvador, Brazil. AIDS Behav. 6, 173\u2013181(2002).","journal-title":"AIDS Behav."},{"key":"BFsrep11205_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-012-0192-3","volume":"17","author":"J Bradley","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bradley, J. et al. Female Sex Worker Client Behaviors Lead to Condom Breakage: A Prospective Telephone-Based Survey in Bangalore, South India. AIDS Behav. 17, 559\u2013567(2013).","journal-title":"AIDS Behav."},{"key":"BFsrep11205_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1071\/SH11011","volume":"9","author":"ME Beksinska","year":"2012","unstructured":"Beksinska, M. E., Smit, J. A. & Mantell, J. E. Progress and challenges to male and female condom use in South Africa. Sex Health 9, 51\u201358 (2012).","journal-title":"Sex Health"},{"key":"BFsrep11205_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.133.5.859","volume":"133","author":"R Tourangeau","year":"2007","unstructured":"Tourangeau, R. & Yan, T. Sensitive Questions in Surveys. Psychol Bull. 133, 859\u2013883 (2007).","journal-title":"Psychol Bull."},{"key":"BFsrep11205_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1097\/ADM.0b013e31826c1135","volume":"6","author":"DL Li","year":"2012","unstructured":"Li, D. L. et al. High Prevalence of HIV, Syphilis and HCV and Low Methadone Maintenance Treatment in a Migrant Population in Beijing. J Addict Med. 6, 311\u2013317 (2012).","journal-title":"J Addict Med."},{"key":"BFsrep11205_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.24.1.69.34801","volume":"24","author":"F Romanelli","year":"2004","unstructured":"Romanelli, F., Smith, K. M., Thornton, A. C. & Pomeroy, C. Poppers: epidemiology and clinical management of inhaled nitrite abuse. Pharmacotherapy 24, 69\u201378 (2004).","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"key":"BFsrep11205_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e3181d13c59","volume":"37","author":"H Yang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yang, H. et al.HIV incidence and associated factors in a cohort of men who have sex with men in Nanjing, China. Sex Transm Dis. 37, 208\u2013213 (2010).","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis."},{"key":"BFsrep11205_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e31827ca6b9","volume":"40","author":"L Zhang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhang, L. et al. Predictors of HIV testing among men who have sex with men in a large Chinese city. Sex Transm Dis. 40, 235\u2013240 (2013).","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis."},{"key":"BFsrep11205_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-13-3","volume":"13","author":"J Xu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Xu, J. et al. Prospective cohort study of HIV incidence and molecular characteristics of HIV among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Yunnan Province, China. BMC Infect Dis. 13, 3 (2013).","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis."},{"key":"BFsrep11205_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e31827f5c9a","volume":"62","author":"X Huang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Huang, X. et al. Rate of CD4 decline and HIV-RNA change following HIV Seroconversion in men who have sex with men: a comparison between the Beijing PRIMO and CASCADE cohorts. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 62, 441\u2013446 (2012).","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/srep11205.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/srep11205","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/srep11205.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]],"date-time":"2023-01-05T18:14:30Z","timestamp":1672942470000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/srep11205"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,2]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]]}},"alternative-id":["BFsrep11205"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/srep11205","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 July 2014","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 April 2015","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 July 2015","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing financial interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"11205"}}