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Several studies have attempted to fabricate biological tissue <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>. However, controlling the growth and morphology of the fabricated tissue remains a challenge. Therefore, new techniques are required to modulate tissue growth. RGD (arginine-glycine-aspartic acid), which is an integrin-binding domain of fibronectin, has been found to enhance cell adhesion and survival; it has been used to modify substrates for <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> cell culture studies or used as tissue engineering scaffolds. In addition, this study shows novel functions of the RGD peptide, which enhances tissue growth and modulates tissue morphology <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>. When an isolated submandibular gland (SMG) was cultured on an RGD-modified alginate hydrogel sheet, SMG growth including bud expansion and cleft formation was dramatically enhanced. Furthermore, we prepared small RGD-modified alginate beads and placed them on the growing SMG tissue. These RGD-modified beads successfully induced cleft formation at the bead position, guiding the desired SMG morphology. Thus, this RGD-modified material might be a promising tool to modulate tissue growth and morphology <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> for biological tissue fabrication.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep11468","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,22]],"date-time":"2015-06-22T15:18:41Z","timestamp":1434986321000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Peptide-modified Substrate for Modulating Gland Tissue Growth and Morphology In Vitro"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Hiroaki","family":"Taketa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gulsan Ara","family":"Sathi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahmoud","family":"Farahat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazi Anisur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takayoshi","family":"Sakai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshiaki","family":"Hirano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takuo","family":"Kuboki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasuhiro","family":"Torii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takuya","family":"Matsumoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep11468_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09941","volume":"472","author":"M Eiraku","year":"2011","unstructured":"Eiraku, M. et al. 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