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We evaluated the efficacy of extended 48-week regimen and the role of interleukin-28B (IL-28B) genotype in this clinical setting. Treatment-na\u00efve HCV-2 patients not achieving rapid virologic response (RVR) by Peg-IFN alfa-2a 180\u2009\u03bcg\/week plus weight-based RBV (1,000\u20131,200\u2009mg\/day, cutoff body weight of 75\u2009kg) were randomly assigned to receive a total duration of 48 (n\u2009=\u200994) or 24 (n\u2009=\u200993) weeks of therapy. The primary endpoint was sustained virologic response (SVR). Baseline patient characteristics to predict SVR were analyzed. Patients receiving 48 weeks of treatment had a greater SVR rate than those receiving 24 weeks of treatment (70.2% versus 46.2%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001). Compared to patients treated for 24 weeks, the SVR rate in those treated for 48 weeks increased by 10.9% [95% CI: \u22125.9% to 27.7%] and 65.6% [95% CI: 44.5% to 86.7%] if they had IL-28B rs8099917 TT genotype and GT\/GG genotype, respectively (interaction <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002). In conclusion, 48-week treatment with Peg-IFN plus weight-based RBV provides a greater SVR rate than 24-week treatment in treatment-na\u00efve HCV-2 patients with unfavorable IL-28B genotypes who fail to achieve RVR.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep11710","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,1]],"date-time":"2015-07-01T09:42:04Z","timestamp":1435743724000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Peginterferon plus weight-based ribavirin for treatment-na\u00efve hepatitis C virus genotype 2 patients not achieving rapid virologic response: a randomized trial"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Chen-Hua","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chung-Feng","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chun-Jen","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chia-Yen","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jee-Fu","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jou-Wei","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cheng-Chao","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sheng-Shun","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chih-Lin","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tung-Hung","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hung-Chih","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pei-Jer","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ding-Shinn","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wan-Long","family":"Chuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jia-Horng","family":"Kao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ming-Lung","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep11710_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2429","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1006613","volume":"364","author":"HR Rosen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rosen, H. 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Jia-Horng Kao: consultant for Abbott, Abbvie, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Gilead Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novartis, Roche; on speaker\u2019s bureau for Abbott, Abbvie, Roche, Bayer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis; Ding-Shinn Chen: consultant for Novartis and GlaxoSmithKline; Pei-Jer Chen: consultant for Novartis and Roche; Ming-Lung Yu and Wan-Long Chuang: consultants for Merck Sharp & Dohme Abbott and Abbvie; grants support from Abbott and Roche; on speaker\u2019s bureau from Bristol-Myers Squibb, Roche, Merck Sharp & Dohme, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis and Gilead Sciences. All other authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"11710"}}