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Here, we investigated a signalling network involving H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S and NO in salt tolerance pathway of barley. NaHS, a donor of H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S, at a low concentration of either 50 or 100\u2009\u03bcM, had significant rescue effects on the 150\u2009mM NaCl-induced inhibition of plant growth and modulated the K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\/Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> balance by decreasing the net K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> efflux and increasing the gene expression of an inward-rectifying potassium channel (<jats:italic>HvAKT1<\/jats:italic>) and a high-affinity K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> uptake system (<jats:italic>HvHAK4<\/jats:italic>). H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S and NO maintained the lower Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> content in the cytoplast by increasing the amount of PM H<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>-ATPase, the transcriptional levels of PM H<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>-ATPase (<jats:italic>HvHA1<\/jats:italic>) and Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\/H<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> antiporter (<jats:italic>HvSOS1<\/jats:italic>). H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S and NO modulated Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> compartmentation into the vacuoles with up-regulation of the transcriptional levels of vacuolar Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\/H<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> antiporter (<jats:italic>HvVNHX2<\/jats:italic>) and H<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>-ATPase subunit \u03b2 (<jats:italic>HvVHA-\u03b2<\/jats:italic>) and increased in the protein expression of vacuolar Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\/H<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> antiporter (NHE1). H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S mimicked the effect of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) by increasing NO production, whereas the function was quenched with the addition of NO scavenger. These results indicated that H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S increased salt tolerance by maintaining ion homeostasis, which were mediated by the NO signal.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep12516","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,27]],"date-time":"2015-07-27T09:06:18Z","timestamp":1437987978000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":138,"title":["Hydrogen sulfide enhances salt tolerance through nitric oxide-mediated maintenance of ion homeostasis in barley seedling roots"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Juan","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen-Hua","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fei-Hua","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"En-Ming","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhou-Ping","family":"Shangguan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hai-Lei","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep12516_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/S1369-5266(03)00085-2","volume":"6","author":"JK Zhu","year":"2003","unstructured":"Zhu, J. 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