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In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms related to IRF6 during palatal fusion using palatal shelves organ culture. The results showed that ablation of\n                    <jats:italic>Irf6<\/jats:italic>\n                    resulted in a delay in TGF\u03b23-regulated palatal fusion. Ectopic expression of IRF6 was able to promote palatal fusion and rescue sh\n                    <jats:italic>Tgf<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u03b2\n                    <jats:italic>3<\/jats:italic>\n                    -induced fusion defect. These findings indicate that IRF6 is involved in TGF\u03b23-mediated palatal fusion. Molecular analysis revealed that ectopic expression of IRF6 increased the expression of SNAI2, an epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) regulator and diminished the expression of various epithelial markers, such as E-cadherin, Plakophilin and ZO-1. In addition, knockdown of\n                    <jats:italic>Irf6<\/jats:italic>\n                    expression decreased SNAI2 expression and restored the expression of ZO-1 and Plakophilin that were diminished by TGF\u03b23. Blocking of\n                    <jats:italic>Snai2<\/jats:italic>\n                    expression delayed palatal fusion and abolished the IRF6 rescuing effect associated with sh\n                    <jats:italic>Tgf<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u03b2\n                    <jats:italic>3<\/jats:italic>\n                    -induced fusion defect. These findings indicate that TGF\u03b23 increases IRF6 expression and subsequently regulates SNAI2 expression and IRF6 appears to regulate EMT during palatal fusion via SNAI2. Taken together, this study demonstrates that IRF6 is a mediator of TGF\u03b23, which regulates EMT and fusion process during the embryonic palate development.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep12791","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,4]],"date-time":"2015-08-04T07:27:21Z","timestamp":1438673241000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["RETRACTED ARTICLE: IRF6 is the mediator of TGF\u03b23 during regulation of the epithelial mesenchymal transition and palatal fusion"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Chen-Yeh","family":"Ke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen-Lin","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun-Ming","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lun-Jou","family":"Lo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fen-Hwa","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep12791_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.103.Supplement.41","volume":"103 Suppl","author":"MW Ferguson","year":"1988","unstructured":"Ferguson, M. 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