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The aim of this study was to define the characteristics of peripheral blood mononuclear cell microRNAs in patients with HBV-ACLF. In this study, novel microRNA (miRNA) biomarkers of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in patients with HBV-ACLF were characterised by high-throughput sequencing and validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The results showed 78 miRNAs were significantly differentially expressed in patients with HBV-ACLF compared to patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and healthy controls. Among patients with HBV-ACLF, 17 dysregulated miRNAs increased or decreased more than 4-fold, of which eight miRNAs had higher expression levels than median level. qRT-PCR validation demonstrated that six miRNAs (hsa-miR-21-5p, hsa-miR-34c-5p, hsa-miR-143-3p, hsa-miR-143-5p, hsa-miR-374a-3p and hsa-miR-542-3p) may be useful as novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of HBV-ACLF. Five novel miRNAs (L-miR-1~5) were detected and two (L-miR-1 and L-miR-3) were significantly differentially expressed in patients with HBV-ACLF. Conclusions: The miRNA expression profile of PBMCs is altered in patients with HBV-ACLF and a signature of six miRNAs may be a promising biomarker for HBV-ACLF progression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep13098","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,12]],"date-time":"2015-08-12T13:34:04Z","timestamp":1439386444000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Characterisation of peripheral blood mononuclear cell microRNA in hepatitis B-related acute-on-chronic liver failure"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Wenchao","family":"Ding","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaojiao","family":"Xin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Longyan","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianzhou","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongyan","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Biaoyang","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lanjuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep13098_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S45","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22898","volume":"49","author":"BJ McMahon","year":"2009","unstructured":"McMahon, B. 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