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Urease B subunit (UreB), a conserved protein of <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>, is capable of inducing specific CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T-cell responses and provides protection against this infection. Previous studies have confirmed the effectiveness of rUreB subunit vaccines in generating CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T-cell-mediated protection, but less is known regarding the roles of different subtypes of T-cell immunity, such as Th1, Th2 and Th17, particularly the immunodominant epitopes inducing specific CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T-cell responses, in vaccine-mediated protection. In this study, we demonstrated that the vaccination of BALB\/c mice with rUreB resulted in significant antigen-specific Th1 and Th17 immune responses. Importantly, two novel Th epitopes, UreB<jats:sub>317\u2013329<\/jats:sub> and UreB<jats:sub>409\u2013421<\/jats:sub>, which are recognized by a major population of CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells, were identified in immunized mice. Our results demonstrated that two novel epitopes can simultaneously induce Th1 and Th17 immune responses; however, only the epitope vaccine-induced CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T-cells secreting IFN-\u03b3 mediated the protection against <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>; cells secreting IL-17A did not. Taken together, our results suggest that two novel immunodominant epitopes can induce Th1 and Th17 immune responses, but only the induced Th1 lymphocytes mediate protection against <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep14793","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,5]],"date-time":"2015-10-05T11:38:24Z","timestamp":1444045104000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Immunodominant epitope-specific Th1 but not Th17 responses mediate protection against Helicobacter pylori infection following UreB vaccination of BALB\/c mice"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Bin","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heqiang","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wuchen","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yafei","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanshan","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhuo","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinyong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haibo","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quanming","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep14793_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1344","volume":"4","author":"M Bergman","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bergman, M., Del Prete, G., van Kooyk, Y. & Appelmelk, B. 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