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The pathophysiology of giardiasis in not well understood and most reports have identified <jats:italic>Giardia intestinalis<\/jats:italic> trophozoites only in the lumen and on the brush border of the small intestine. We identified <jats:italic>Giardia<\/jats:italic> trophozoites within the epithelium of the small intestine of a lactose intolerance patient. The <jats:italic>Giardia<\/jats:italic> trophozoites were obtained and cultured <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>. In addition, we demonstrated <jats:italic>Giardia<\/jats:italic> trophozoite invasion in an animal model. <jats:italic>Giardia<\/jats:italic> trophozoites invaded the intestinal mucosa and submucosa of infected gerbils. The invasive trophozoites were observed at 21, 30 and 60 days age and the average numbers of invaded sites were 17\u2009\u00b1\u20095, 15\u2009\u00b1\u20094 and 9\u2009\u00b1\u20093, respectively. We found trophozoites between epithelial cells, at the base of empty goblet cells, in lacteal vessels and within the submucosa. The morphological integrity of the invasive trophozoites was demonstrated via electron microscopy. The analysis of the gerbils infected with the trophozoites of the WB reference strain did not show intraepithelial trophozoites. These results demonstrate another <jats:italic>Giardia<\/jats:italic> pathogenic mechanism, opening the door to numerous future studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep15168","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,16]],"date-time":"2015-10-16T09:20:26Z","timestamp":1444987226000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["The invasive potential of Giardia intestinalis in an in vivo model"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"R.","family":"Reynoso-Robles","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Ponce-Macotela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. 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