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The recently discovered hominin species <jats:italic>Autralopithecus sediba<\/jats:italic> is represented by a well-preserved and nearly complete facial skeleton of a juvenile (MH1) which shows a derived facial anatomy. We examined MH1 using high radiation synchrotron to interpret features of the oronasal complex pertinent to facial growth. We also analyzed bone surface microanatomy to identify and map fields of bone deposition and bone resorption, which affect the development of the facial skeleton. The oronasal anatomy (premaxilla-palate-vomer architecture) is similar to other <jats:italic>Australopithecus<\/jats:italic> species. However surface growth remodeling of the midface (nasomaxillary complex) differs markedly from <jats:italic>Australopithecus<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Paranthropus<\/jats:italic>, early <jats:italic>Homo<\/jats:italic> and from KNM-WT 15000 (<jats:italic>H. erectus\/ergaster<\/jats:italic>) showing a distinct distribution of vertically disposed alternating depository and resorptive fields in relation to anterior dental roots and the subnasal region. The ontogeny of the MH1 midface superficially resembles some <jats:italic>H. sapiens<\/jats:italic> in the distribution of remodeling fields. The facial growth of MH1 appears unique among early hominins representing an evolutionary modification in facial ontogeny at 1.9 my, or to changes in masticatory system loading associated with diet.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep15175","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,15]],"date-time":"2015-10-15T13:19:27Z","timestamp":1444915167000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Distinct growth of the nasomaxillary complex in Au. sediba"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Rodrigo S.","family":"Lacruz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Timothy G.","family":"Bromage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"O\u2019Higgins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Viviana","family":"Toro-Ibacache","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johanna","family":"Warshaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lee R.","family":"Berger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep15175_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1184944","volume":"328","author":"LR Berger","year":"2010","unstructured":"Berger, L. 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