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However, the metabolic homeostasis in melatonin-mediated innate immunity is unknown. In this study, comparative metabolomic analysis found that the endogenous levels of both soluble sugars (fructose, glucose, melibose, sucrose, maltose, galatose, tagatofuranose and turanose) and glycerol were commonly increased after both melatonin treatment and <jats:italic>Pst<\/jats:italic> DC3000 infection in <jats:italic>Arabidopsis<\/jats:italic>. Further studies showed that exogenous pre-treatment with fructose, glucose, sucrose, or glycerol increased innate immunity against <jats:italic>Pst<\/jats:italic> DC3000 infection in wild type (Col-0) <jats:italic>Arabidopsis<\/jats:italic> plants, but largely alleviated their effects on the innate immunity in SA-deficient NahG plants and NO-deficient mutants. This indicated that SA and NO are also essential for sugars and glycerol-mediated disease resistance. Moreover, exogenous fructose, glucose, sucrose and glycerol pre-treatments remarkably increased endogenous NO level, but had no significant effect on the endogenous melatonin level. Taken together, this study highlights the involvement of sugars and glycerol in melatonin-mediated innate immunity against bacterial pathogen in SA and NO-dependent pathway in <jats:italic>Arabidopsis<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep15815","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,28]],"date-time":"2015-10-28T10:13:27Z","timestamp":1446027207000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":114,"title":["Comparative metabolomic analysis highlights the involvement of sugars and glycerol in melatonin-mediated innate immunity against bacterial pathogen in Arabidopsis"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Yongqiang","family":"Qian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dun-Xian","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Russel J.","family":"Reiter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haitao","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep15815_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.1995.tb00136.x","volume":"18","author":"R Dubbels","year":"1995","unstructured":"Dubbels, R. et al. 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