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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of MPV as an acute phase reactant in children with UTI. Data from 118 young children (&lt;2 years) with UTI between 2012 and 2013 were grouped as acute pyelonephritis (APN) and lower UTI according to the dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) scan abnormalities. MPV, platelet distribution width (PDW) platelet count and other infection markers (white blood cell [WBC] count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate [ESR] and C-reactive protein [CRP]) were measured. WBC (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001), ESR (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.005), CRP (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and MPV levels (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.011) were significantly higher in the APN group than those in the lower UTI group. MPV positively correlated with PDW, CRP and negatively with platelet count. Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that CRP and MPV were independent predictive factors for APN patients. However, the area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis for MPV was lower than CRP. Our results suggest that MPV can be an inflammatory marker in UTI, but the predictive value of MPV was not superior to CRP in the diagnosis of APN.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep18072","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,15]],"date-time":"2015-12-15T09:41:26Z","timestamp":1450172486000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Mean platelet volume in young children with urinary tract infection"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"I Re","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae Il","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Se Jin","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji Young","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji Hong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep18072_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2009.01.001","volume":"23","author":"P Masson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Masson, P., Matheson, S., Webster, A. 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