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This expansion has created conditions that facilitate the generation of new recombinant strains. A molecular epidemiologic survey among MSM in 11 provinces\/cities around China was conducted from 2008 to 2013. Based on <jats:italic>pol<\/jats:italic> nucleotide sequences, a total of 19 strains (1.95%) belonged to the CRF55_01B were identified from 975 MSM in 7 provinces, with the prevalence range from 1.5% to 12.5%. Near full length genome (NFLG) sequences from six epidemiologically-unlinked MSM were amplified for analyzing evolutionary history, an identical genome structure composed of CRF01_AE and subtype B with four unique recombination breakpoints in the <jats:italic>pol<\/jats:italic> region were identified. Bayesian molecular clock analyses for both CRF01_AE and B segments indicated that the estimated time of the most recent common ancestors of CRF55_01B was around the year 2000. Our study found CRF55_01B has spread throughout the most provinces with high HIV-1 prevalence and highlights the importance of continual surveillance of dynamic changes in HIV-1 strains, the emergence of new recombinants and the need for implementing effective prevention measures specifically targeting the MSM population in China.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep18147","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,15]],"date-time":"2015-12-15T09:58:07Z","timestamp":1450173487000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["A Large-scale Survey of CRF55_01B from Men-Who-Have-Sex-with-Men in China: implying the Evolutionary History and Public Health Impact"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Xiaoxu","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yutaka","family":"Takebe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiqing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minghui","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qinghai","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junjie","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianjun","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shu","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhe","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongjing","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jihua","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiping","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minghua","family":"Zhuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep18147_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60821-6","volume":"380","author":"C Beyrer","year":"2012","unstructured":"Beyrer, C. et al. 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