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We hypothesize that<jats:italic>C. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>infection favors the recruitment of monocytes to atherosclerotic foci by altering monocyte biophysics. Primary, fresh human monocytes were infected with<jats:italic>C. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>for 8\u2009h and the interactions between monocytes and E-selectin or aortic endothelium under flow were characterized by video microscopy and image analysis. The distribution of membrane lipid rafts and adhesion receptors were analyzed by imaging flow cytometry. Infected cells rolled on E-selectin and endothelial surfaces and this rolling was slower, steady and uniform compared to uninfected cells. Infection decreases cholesterol levels, increases membrane fluidity, disrupts lipid rafts and redistributes CD44, which is the primary mediator of rolling interactions. Together, these changes translate to higher firm adhesion of infected monocytes on endothelium, which is enhanced in the presence of LDL. Uninfected monocytes treated with LDL or left untreated were used as baseline control. Our results demonstrate that the membrane biophysical changes due to infection and hyperlipidemia are one of the key mechanisms by which<jats:italic>C. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>can exacerbate atherosclerotic pathology. These findings provide a framework to characterize the role of \u2018infectious burden\u2019 in the development and progression of atherosclerosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep19058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,20]],"date-time":"2016-01-20T14:49:18Z","timestamp":1453301358000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Biophysical regulation of Chlamydia pneumoniae-infected monocyte recruitment to atherosclerotic foci"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Shankar J.","family":"Evani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anand K.","family":"Ramasubramanian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep19058_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2015.05.006","volume":"46","author":"LA Campbell","year":"2015","unstructured":"Campbell, L. 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