{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T21:59:28Z","timestamp":1792706368652,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,12]],"date-time":"2016-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1455235200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,12]],"date-time":"2016-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1455235200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Different forms of plasticity are known to play a critical role in the processing of information about sound. Here, we report a novel neural plastic response in the inferior colliculus, an auditory center in the midbrain of the auditory pathway. A vigorous, long-lasting sound-evoked afterdischarge (LSA) is seen in a subpopulation of both glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons in the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus of normal hearing mice. These neurons were identified with single unit recordings and optogenetics<jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>. The LSA can continue for up to several minutes after the offset of the sound. LSA is induced by long-lasting, or repetitive short-duration, innocuous sounds. Neurons with LSA showed less adaptation than the neurons without LSA. The mechanisms that cause this neural behavior are unknown but may be a function of intrinsic mechanisms or the microcircuitry of the inferior colliculus. Since LSA produces long-lasting firing in the absence of sound, it may be relevant to temporary or chronic tinnitus or to some other aftereffect of long-duration sound.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep20757","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,12]],"date-time":"2016-02-12T11:57:23Z","timestamp":1455278243000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Long-Lasting Sound-Evoked Afterdischarge in the Auditory Midbrain"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Munenori","family":"Ono","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deborah C.","family":"Bishop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douglas L.","family":"Oliver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR1","unstructured":"Kandel, E. R., Jessell, T. M., Schwartz, J. H., Siegelbaum, S. A. & Hudspeth, A. J. Principles of neural science. Fifth edn, (McGraw-Hill Professional, 2012)."},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9568","volume":"15","author":"H Kuba","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kuba, H., Koyano, K. & Ohmori, H. Synaptic depression improves coincidence detection in the nucleus laminaris in brainstem slices of the chick embryo. Eur J Neurosci 15, 984\u2013990, 10.1046\/j.1460-9568 (2002).","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3274","volume":"16","author":"RC Froemke","year":"2013","unstructured":"Froemke, R. C. et al. Long-term modification of cortical synapses improves sensory perception. Nat Neurosci 16, 79\u201388, 10.1038\/nn.3274 (2013).","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oliver, D. L. In The inferior colliculus (eds J. A. Winer & C.E. Schreiner ) 69\u2013114 (Springer, 2005).","DOI":"10.1007\/0-387-27083-3_2"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2466","volume":"13","author":"VM Bajo","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bajo, V. M., Nodal, F. R., Moore, D. R. & King, A. J. The descending corticocollicular pathway mediates learning-induced auditory plasticity. Nat Neurosci 13, 253\u2013260, 10.1038\/nn.2466 (2010).","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.2001.85.3.1078","volume":"85","author":"X Ma","year":"2001","unstructured":"Ma, X. & Suga, N. Plasticity of bat\u2019s central auditory system evoked by focal electric stimulation of auditory and\/or somatosensory cortices. J Neurophysiol 85, 1078\u20131087 (2001).","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2011.04.001","volume":"184","author":"DL Oliver","year":"2011","unstructured":"Oliver, D. L., Izquierdo, M. A. & Malmierca, M. S. Persistent effects of early augmented acoustic environment on the auditory brainstem. Neuroscience 184, 75\u201387, 10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2011.04.001 (2011).","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12193","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0700960104","volume":"104","author":"X Yu","year":"2007","unstructured":"Yu, X., Sanes, D. H., Aristizabal, O., Wadghiri, Y. Z. & Turnbull, D. H. Large-scale reorganization of the tonotopic map in mouse auditory midbrain revealed by mri. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104, 12193\u201312198, 10.1073\/pnas.0700960104 (2007).","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13860","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3454-09","volume":"29","author":"T Ito","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ito, T., Bishop, D. C. & Oliver, D. L. Two classes of gabaergic neurons in the inferior colliculus. J Neurosci 29, 13860\u201313869, 10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3454-09 (2009).","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3766","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.17-10-03766.1997","volume":"17","author":"D Peruzzi","year":"1997","unstructured":"Peruzzi, D., Bartlett, E., Smith, P. H. & Oliver, D. L. A monosynaptic gabaergic input from the inferior colliculus to the medial geniculate body in rat. J Neurosci 17, 3766\u20133777 (1997).","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8005","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.15.8005","volume":"93","author":"JA Winer","year":"1996","unstructured":"Winer, J. A., Saint Marie, R. L., Larue, D. T. & Oliver, D. L. GABAergic feedforward projections from the inferior colliculus to the medial geniculate body. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93, 8005\u20138010 (1996).","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.1668","volume":"8","author":"S Zhao","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zhao, S. et al. Cell type-specific channelrhodopsin-2 transgenic mice for optogenetic dissection of neural circuitry function. Nat Methods 8, 745\u2013752 (2011).","journal-title":"Nat Methods"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903400104","volume":"340","author":"DL Oliver","year":"1994","unstructured":"Oliver, D. L., Winer, J. A., Beckius, G. E. & Saint Marie, R. L. Morphology of gabaergic neurons in the inferior colliculus of the cat. J Comp Neurol 340, 27\u201342, 10.1002\/cne.903400104 (1994).","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2683","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.23810","volume":"523","author":"DC Buentello","year":"2015","unstructured":"Buentello, D. C., Bishop, D. C. & Oliver, D. L. Differential distribution of GABA and glycine terminals in inferior colliculus of rat and mouse. J Comp Neurol 523, 2683\u20132697, 10.1002\/cne.23810 (2015).","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1007\/s10162-011-0279-y","volume":"12","author":"AM Lauer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lauer, A. M., Slee, S. J. & May, B. J. Acoustic basis of directional acuity in laboratory mice. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 12, 633\u2013645, 10.1007\/s10162-011-0279-y (2011).","journal-title":"J Assoc Res Otolaryngol"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1963.26.3.416","volume":"26","author":"A Starr","year":"1963","unstructured":"Starr, A. & Livingston, R. B. Long-lasting nervous system responses to prolonged sound stimulation in waking cats. J Neurophysiol 26, 416\u2013431 (1963).","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3647","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2014.275446","volume":"592","author":"M Ono","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ono, M. & Oliver, D. L. Asymmetric temporal interactions of sound-evoked excitatory and inhibitory inputs in the mouse auditory midbrain. J Physiol 592, 3647\u20133669, 10.1113\/jphysiol.2014.275446 (2014).","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2013.06.012","volume":"79","author":"XR Xiong","year":"2013","unstructured":"Xiong, X. R. et al. Interaural level difference-dependent gain control and synaptic scaling underlying binaural computation. Neuron 79, 738\u2013753, 10.1016\/j.neuron.2013.06.012 (2013).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2011.11.035","volume":"73","author":"RI Kuo","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kuo, R. I. & Wu, G. K. The generation of direction selectivity in the auditory system. Neuron 73, 1016\u20131027, 10.1016\/j.neuron.2011.11.035 (2012).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-5955(02)00375-1","volume":"168","author":"SH Wu","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wu, S. H., Ma, C. L., Sivaramakrishnan, S. & Oliver, D. L. Synaptic modification in neurons of the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus. Hear Res 168, 43\u201354, S0378595502003751 (2002).","journal-title":"Hear Res"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2861","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.21-08-02861.2001","volume":"21","author":"S Sivaramakrishnan","year":"2001","unstructured":"Sivaramakrishnan, S. & Oliver, D. L. Distinct k currents result in physiologically distinct cell types in the inferior colliculus of the rat. J Neurosci 21, 2861\u20132877, 21\/8\/2861 (2001).","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01171","volume":"420","author":"AV Egorov","year":"2002","unstructured":"Egorov, A. V., Hamam, B. N., Fransen, E., Hasselmo, M. E. & Alonso, A. A. Graded persistent activity in entorhinal cortex neurons. Nature 420, 173\u2013178, 10.1038\/nature01171 (2002).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2733","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2011.207712","volume":"589","author":"C Reali","year":"2011","unstructured":"Reali, C., Fossat, P., Landry, M., Russo, R. E. & Nagy, F. Intrinsic membrane properties of spinal dorsal horn neurones modulate nociceptive information processing in vivo. J Physiol 589, 2733\u20132743, 10.1113\/jphysiol.2011.207712 (2011).","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00204","volume":"98","author":"R Yamamoto","year":"2007","unstructured":"Yamamoto, R., Ueta, Y. & Kato, N. Dopamine induces a slow afterdepolarization in lateral amygdala neurons. J Neurophysiol 98, 984\u2013992, 10.1152\/jn.00204 (2007).","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10162-005-0017-4","volume":"7","author":"S Sivaramakrishnan","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sivaramakrishnan, S. & Oliver, D. L. Neuronal responses to lemniscal stimulation in laminar brain slices of the inferior colliculus. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 7, 1\u201314, 10.1007\/s10162-005-0017-4 (2006).","journal-title":"J Assoc Res Otolaryngol"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.03.007","volume":"82","author":"R Yamamoto","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yamamoto, R., Hatano, N., Sugai, T. & Kato, N. Serotonin induces depolarization in lateral amygdala neurons by activation of TRPC-like current and inhibition of GIRK current depending on 5-HT(2C) receptor. Neuropharmacology 82, 49\u201358, 10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.03.007 (2014).","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2245","volume":"12","author":"K Sidiropoulou","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sidiropoulou, K. et al. Dopamine modulates an mglur5-mediated depolarization underlying prefrontal persistent activity. Nat Neurosci 12, 190\u2013199, 10.1038\/nn.2245 (2009).","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2005.03.006","volume":"206","author":"L Tong","year":"2005","unstructured":"Tong, L., Altschuler, R. A. & Holt, A. G. Tyrosine hydroxylase in rat auditory midbrain: Distribution and changes following deafness. Hear Res 206, 28\u201341, 10.1016\/j.heares.2005.03.006 (2005).","journal-title":"Hear Res"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gittelman, J. X., Perkel, D. J. & Portfors, C. V. Dopamine modulates auditory responses in the inferior colliculus in a heterogeneous manner. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol, 10.1007\/s10162-013-0405-0 (2013).","DOI":"10.1007\/s10162-013-0405-0"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2177","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00046","volume":"96","author":"LM Hurley","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hurley, L. M. Different serotonin receptor agonists have distinct effects on sound-evoked responses in inferior colliculus. J Neurophysiol 96, 2177\u20132188, 10.1152\/jn.00046 (2006).","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.1194","volume":"435","author":"LM Hurley","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hurley, L. M. & Thompson, A. M. Serotonergic innervation of the auditory brainstem of the mexican free-tailed bat, tadarida brasiliensis. J Comp Neurol 435, 78\u201388 (2001).","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2009.02.036","volume":"160","author":"SD Motts","year":"2009","unstructured":"Motts, S. D. & Schofield, B. R. Sources of cholinergic input to the inferior colliculus. Neuroscience 160, 103\u2013114, 10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2009.02.036 (2009).","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(96)00224-7","volume":"724","author":"H Habbicht","year":"1996","unstructured":"Habbicht, H. & Vater, M. A microiontophoretic study of acetylcholine effects in the inferior colliculus of horseshoe bats: Implications for a modulatory role. Brain Res 724, 169\u2013179 (1996).","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.23557","volume":"93","author":"ML Valero","year":"2015","unstructured":"Valero, M. L., Caminos, E., Juiz, J. M. & Martinez-Galan, J. R. TRPC1 and metabotropic glutamate receptor expression in rat auditory midbrain neurons. J Neurosci Res 93, 964\u2013972, 10.1002\/jnr.23557 (2015).","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2011.01.075","volume":"492","author":"SV Voytenko","year":"2011","unstructured":"Voytenko, S. V. & Galazyuk, A. V. mGluRs modulate neuronal firing in the auditory midbrain. Neurosci Lett 492, 145\u2013149, 10.1016\/j.neulet.2011.01.075 (2011).","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.20755","volume":"21","author":"Z Zhang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zhang, Z., Reboreda, A., Alonso, A., Barker, P. A. & Seguela, P. TRPC channels underlie cholinergic plateau potentials and persistent activity in entorhinal cortex. Hippocampus 21, 386\u2013397, 10.1002\/hipo.20755 (2011).","journal-title":"Hippocampus"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2014.00267","volume":"8","author":"YT Lei","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lei, Y. T. et al. Differential contribution of TRPM4 and TRPM5 nonselective cation channels to the slow afterdepolarization in mouse prefrontal cortex neurons. Front Cell Neurosci 8, 267, 10.3389\/fncel.2014.00267 (2014).","journal-title":"Front Cell Neurosci"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3559","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.16-11-03559.1996","volume":"16","author":"C Karschin","year":"1996","unstructured":"Karschin, C., Dissmann, E., Stuhmer, W. & Karschin, A. IRK(1\u20133) and GIRK(1\u20134) inwardly rectifying k+ channel mRNAs are differentially expressed in the adult rat brain. J Neurosci 16, 3559\u20133570 (1996).","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903030108","volume":"303","author":"DL Oliver","year":"1991","unstructured":"Oliver, D. L., Kuwada, S., Yin, T. C., Haberly, L. B. & Henkel, C. K. Dendritic and axonal morphology of hrp-injected neurons in the inferior colliculus of the cat. J Comp Neurol 303, 75\u2013100, 10.1002\/cne.903030108 (1991).","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.3389\/fncir.2012.00055","volume":"6","author":"MN Wallace","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wallace, M. N., Shackleton, T. M. & Palmer, A. R. Morphological and physiological characteristics of laminar cells in the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus. Front Neural Circuits 6, 55, 10.3389\/fncir.2012.00055 (2012).","journal-title":"Front Neural Circuits"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5955(94)90068-X","volume":"75","author":"PS Palombi","year":"1994","unstructured":"Palombi, P. S., Backoff, P. M. & Caspary, D. M. Paired tone facilitation in dorsal cochlear nucleus neurons: A short-term potentiation model testable in vivo. Hear Res 75, 175\u2013183 (1994).","journal-title":"Hear Res"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3539","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.23623","volume":"522","author":"T Ito","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ito, T. & Oliver, D. L. Local and commissural ic neurons make axosomatic inputs on large gabaergic tectothalamic neurons. J Comp Neurol 522, 3539\u20133554, 10.1002\/cne.23623 (2014).","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.3389\/fncir.2013.00041","volume":"7","author":"L Chandrasekaran","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chandrasekaran, L., Xiao, Y. & Sivaramakrishnan, S. Functional architecture of the inferior colliculus revealed with voltage-sensitive dyes. Front Neural Circuits 7, 41, 10.3389\/fncir.2013.00041 (2013).","journal-title":"Front Neural Circuits"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15208","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1747-14","volume":"34","author":"TJ Ellender","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ellender, T. J., Raimondo, J. V., Irkle, A., Lamsa, K. P. & Akerman, C. J. Excitatory effects of parvalbumin-expressing interneurons maintain hippocampal epileptiform activity via synchronous afterdischarges. J Neurosci 34, 15208\u201315222, 10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1747-14 (2014).","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1953.sp004987","volume":"122","author":"S Hilali","year":"1953","unstructured":"Hilali, S. & Whitfield, I. C. Responses of the trapezoid body to acoustic stimulation with pure tones. J Physiol 122, 158\u2013171 (1953).","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1965.28.5.850","volume":"28","author":"A Starr","year":"1965","unstructured":"Starr, A. Suppression of single unit activity in cochlear nucleus of the cat following sound stimulation. J Neurophysiol 28, 850\u2013862 (1965).","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1970.33.1.137","volume":"33","author":"A Starr","year":"1970","unstructured":"Starr, A. & Britt, R. Intracellular recordings from cat cochlear nucleus during tone stimulation. J Neurophysiol 33, 137\u2013147 (1970).","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3227","DOI":"10.1121\/1.407228","volume":"94","author":"K Parham","year":"1993","unstructured":"Parham, K. & Kim, D. O. Discharge suppression in the silent interval preceding the tone burst in pause-build units of the dorsal cochlear nucleus of the unanesthetized decerebrate cat. J Acoust Soc Am 94, 3227\u20133231 (1993).","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13396","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0338-10","volume":"30","author":"WC Loftus","year":"2010","unstructured":"Loftus, W. C., Bishop, D. C. & Oliver, D. L. Differential patterns of inputs create functional zones in central nucleus of inferior colliculus. J Neurosci 30, 13396\u201313408, 10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0338-10 (2010).","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.20070","volume":"472","author":"WC Loftus","year":"2004","unstructured":"Loftus, W. C., Bishop, D. C., Saint Marie, R. L. & Oliver, D. L. Organization of binaural excitatory and inhibitory inputs to the inferior colliculus from the superior olive. J Comp Neurol 472, 330\u2013344 (2004).","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.20888","volume":"495","author":"NB Cant","year":"2006","unstructured":"Cant, N. B. & Benson, C. G. Organization of the inferior colliculus of the gerbil (meriones unguiculatus): Differences in distribution of projections from the cochlear nuclei and the superior olivary complex. J Comp Neurol 495, 511\u2013528, 10.1002\/cne.20888 (2006).","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14077","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2845-09","volume":"29","author":"SG Kujawa","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kujawa, S. G. & Liberman, M. C. Adding insult to injury: Cochlear nerve degeneration after \u201ctemporary\u201d noise-induced hearing loss. J Neurosci 29, 14077\u201314085, 10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2845-09 (2009).","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2014.08.004","volume":"317","author":"GD Chen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chen, G. D., Decker, B., Muthaiah, V. P. K., Sheppard, A. & Salvi, R. Prolonged noise exposure-induced auditory threshold shifts in rats. Hearing Research 317, 1\u20138, 10.1016\/j.heares.2014.08.004 (2014).","journal-title":"Hearing Research"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1999.82.2.863","volume":"82","author":"SG Kujawa","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kujawa, S. G. & Liberman, M. C. Long-term sound conditioning enhances cochlear sensitivity. J Neurophysiol 82, 863\u2013873 (1999).","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2413","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1919373","volume":"36","author":"E Zwicker","year":"1964","unstructured":"Zwicker, E. \u201c Negative afterimage\u201d in hearing. J Acoust Soc Am 36, 2413\u20132415 (1964).","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1930","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1913052","volume":"51","author":"RC Lummis","year":"1972","unstructured":"Lummis, R. C. & Guttman, N. Exploratory studies of zwicker\u2019s \u201cnegative afterimage\u201d in hearing. J Acoust Soc Am 51, 1930\u20131944 (1972).","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-5955(00)00158-1","volume":"149","author":"A Norena","year":"2000","unstructured":"Norena, A., Micheyl, C. & Chery-Croze, S. An auditory negative after-image as a human model of tinnitus. Hear Res 149, 24\u201332 (2000).","journal-title":"Hear Res"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5955(96)00111-6","volume":"100","author":"L Wiegrebe","year":"1996","unstructured":"Wiegrebe, L., Kossl, M. & Schmidt, S. Auditory enhancement at the absolute threshold of hearing and its relationship to the zwicker tone. Hear Res 100, 171\u2013180 (1996).","journal-title":"Hear Res"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178103","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.90.178103","volume":"90","author":"JM Franosch","year":"2003","unstructured":"Franosch, J. M., Kempter, R., Fastl, H. & van Hemmen, J. L. Zwicker tone illusion and noise reduction in the auditory system. Phys Rev Lett 90, 178103 (2003).","journal-title":"Phys Rev Lett"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1786","DOI":"10.1121\/1.412055","volume":"97","author":"AR Palmer","year":"1995","unstructured":"Palmer, A. R., Summerfield, Q. & Fantini, D. A. Responses of auditory-nerve fibers to stimuli producing psychophysical enhancement. J Acoust Soc Am 97, 1786\u20131799 (1995).","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1503","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1911288","volume":"44","author":"GR Atherley","year":"1968","unstructured":"Atherley, G. R., Hempstock, T. I. & Noble, W. G. Study of tinnitus induced temporarily by noise. J Acoust Soc Am 44, 1503\u20131506 (1968).","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1910600","volume":"42","author":"M Loeb","year":"1967","unstructured":"Loeb, M. & Smith, R. P. Relation of induced tinnitus to physical characteristics of the inducing stimuli. J Acoust Soc Am 42, 453\u2013455 (1967).","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsys.2012.00053","volume":"6","author":"JJ Eggermont","year":"2012","unstructured":"Eggermont, J. J. & Roberts, L. E. The neuroscience of tinnitus: Understanding abnormal and normal auditory perception. Front Syst Neurosci 6, 53, 10.3389\/fnsys.2012.00053 (2012).","journal-title":"Front Syst Neurosci"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5065","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2014.278572","volume":"592","author":"BI Kalappa","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kalappa, B. I., Brozoski, T. J., Turner, J. G. & Caspary, D. M. Single unit hyperactivity and bursting in the auditory thalamus of awake rats directly correlates with behavioural evidence of tinnitus. J Physiol 592, 5065\u20135078, 10.1113\/jphysiol.2014.278572 (2014).","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1007\/s10162-014-0488-2","volume":"15","author":"TJ Ropp","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ropp, T. J., Tiedemann, K. L., Young, E. D. & May, B. J. Effects of unilateral acoustic trauma on tinnitus-related spontaneous activity in the inferior colliculus. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 15, 1007\u20131022, 10.1007\/s10162-014-0488-2 (2014).","journal-title":"J Assoc Res Otolaryngol"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19647","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2788-13","volume":"33","author":"SD Koehler","year":"2013","unstructured":"Koehler, S. D. & Shore, S. E. Stimulus timing-dependent plasticity in dorsal cochlear nucleus is altered in tinnitus. J Neurosci 33, 19647\u201319656, 10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2788-13 (2013).","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9980","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1302770110","volume":"110","author":"S Li","year":"2013","unstructured":"Li, S., Choi, V. & Tzounopoulos, T. Pathogenic plasticity of Kv7.2\/3 channel activity is essential for the induction of tinnitus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 110, 9980\u20139985, 10.1073\/pnas.1302770110 (2013).","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7601","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1100223108","volume":"108","author":"JW Middleton","year":"2011","unstructured":"Middleton, J. W. et al. Mice with behavioral evidence of tinnitus exhibit dorsal cochlear nucleus hyperactivity because of decreased gabaergic inhibition. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 108, 7601\u20137606, 10.1073\/pnas.1100223108 (2011).","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902240202","volume":"224","author":"DL Oliver","year":"1984","unstructured":"Oliver, D. L. Dorsal cochlear nucleus projections to the inferior colliculus in the cat: A light and electron microscopic study. J Comp Neurol 224, 155\u2013172 (1984).","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9861(19970602)382:2<215::AID-CNE6>3.0.CO;2-6","volume":"382","author":"DL Oliver","year":"1997","unstructured":"Oliver, D. L., Beckius, G. E., Bishop, D. C. & Kuwada, S. Simultaneous anterograde labeling of axonal layers from lateral superior olive and dorsal cochlear nucleus in the inferior colliculus of cat. J Comp Neurol 382, 215\u2013229 (1997).","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2012.04.003","volume":"295","author":"NF Manzoor","year":"2013","unstructured":"Manzoor, N. F., Gao, Y., Licari, F. & Kaltenbach, J. A. Comparison and contrast of noise-induced hyperactivity in the dorsal cochlear nucleus and inferior colliculus. Hear Res 295, 114\u2013123, 10.1016\/j.heares.2012.04.003 (2013).","journal-title":"Hear Res"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00833.2011","volume":"108","author":"NF Manzoor","year":"2012","unstructured":"Manzoor, N. F. et al. Noise-induced hyperactivity in the inferior colliculus: Its relationship with hyperactivity in the dorsal cochlear nucleus. J Neurophysiol 108, 976\u2013988, 10.1152\/jn.00833.2011 (2012).","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1632","DOI":"10.1121\/1.2431346","volume":"121","author":"LC Parra","year":"2007","unstructured":"Parra, L. C. & Pearlmutter, B. A. Illusory percepts from auditory adaptation. J Acoust Soc Am 121, 1632\u20131641 (2007).","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3779","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2954-13","volume":"34","author":"M Ono","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ono, M. & Oliver, D. L. The balance of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs for coding sound location. J Neurosci 34, 3779\u20133792, 10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2954-13 (2014).","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"BFsrep20757_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.1121\/1.3466877","volume":"128","author":"LR Bernstein","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bernstein, L. R. & Trahiotis, C. Accounting quantitatively for sensitivity to envelope-based interaural temporal disparities at high frequencies. J Acoust Soc Am 128, 1224\u20131234, 10.1121\/1.3466877 (2010).","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/srep20757","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/srep20757.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/srep20757.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,16]],"date-time":"2023-08-16T21:12:02Z","timestamp":1692220322000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/srep20757"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,12]]},"references-count":75,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,26]]}},"alternative-id":["BFsrep20757"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/srep20757","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"12 August 2015","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 January 2016","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 February 2016","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing financial interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"20757"}}