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Here, we have developed a receptor-targeted liposome-peptide-siRNA nanoparticle as a non-viral delivery system for MRTF-B siRNA in conjunctival fibrosis. Using 50\u2009nM siRNA, the <jats:italic>MRTF-B<\/jats:italic> gene was efficiently silenced by 76% and 72% with LYR and LER nanoparticles, respectively. The silencing efficiency was low when non-targeting peptides or siRNA alone or liposome-siRNA alone were used. LYR and LER nanoparticles also showed higher silencing efficiency than PEGylated LYR-P and LER-P nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were not cytotoxic using different liposomes, targeting peptides and 50\u2009nM siRNA. Three-dimensional fibroblast-populated collagen matrices were also used as a functional assay to measure contraction <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> and showed that MRTF-B LYR nanoparticles completely blocked matrix contraction after a single transfection treatment. In conclusion, this is the first study to develop and show that receptor-targeted liposome-peptide-siRNA nanoparticles represent an efficient and safe non-viral siRNA delivery system that could be used to prevent fibrosis after glaucoma filtration surgery and other contractile scarring conditions in the eye.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep21881","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,24]],"date-time":"2016-02-24T10:10:29Z","timestamp":1456308629000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Receptor-targeted liposome-peptide-siRNA nanoparticles represent an efficient delivery system for MRTF silencing in conjunctival fibrosis"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Cynthia","family":"Yu-Wai-Man","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aristides D.","family":"Tagalakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria D.","family":"Manunta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen L.","family":"Hart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peng T.","family":"Khaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep21881_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg3763","volume":"15","author":"H Yin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yin, H. et al. 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