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The operant runway apparatus consisted of three long runways arranged in a zig-zag manner. The methodology consisted of six distinct phases: habituation, preconditioning, conditioning, post-conditioning, extinction and reinstatement. The effects of saline were compared with escalating doses of either ethanol (0.5\u20134.0\u2009g\/kg, i.p), heroin (5\u201340\u2009mg\/kg, i.p), or nicotine (0.1\u20130.5mg\/kg, i.p) administered in the goal box during the conditioning phase (day 1\u2009to day 5). A significant decrease in the time of trained (conditioned) mice to reach the goal box confirmed the subjects\u2019 motivation to seek those drugs on day 6 (expression). The mice were then subjected to non-rewarded extinction trials for 5 days over which run times were significantly increased. After 5 days of abstinence, a priming dose of ethanol or heroin (1\/5th of maximum dose used in conditioning) significantly reinstated the drug-seeking behavior. These results suggest that the modified runway model can serve as a powerful behavioral tool for the study of the behavioral and neurobiological bases of drug self-administration and, as such, is appropriate simple but powerful tool for investigating the drug-seeking behavior of laboratory mice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep21944","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,23]],"date-time":"2016-02-23T11:50:23Z","timestamp":1456228223000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Design and development of a modified runway model of mouse drug self-administration"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Vijayapandi","family":"Pandy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasmin","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep21944_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.2307\/1417120","volume":"55","author":"LP Crespi","year":"1942","unstructured":"Crespi, L. 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