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Due to its small size (&lt;10\u2009\u03bcm) measurement of intracellular Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> in <jats:italic>Plasmodium<\/jats:italic> is technically challenging and thus Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> regulation in this human pathogen is not well understood. Here we analyze Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> homeostasis via a new approach using transgenic <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> expressing the Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> sensor yellow cameleon (YC)-Nano. We found that cytosolic Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> concentration is maintained at low levels only during the intraerythrocytic trophozoite stage (30\u2009nM) and is increased in the other blood stages (&gt;300\u2009nM). We determined that the mammalian SERCA inhibitor thapsigargin and antimalarial dihydroartemisinin did not perturb SERCA activity. The change of the cytosolic Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> level in <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> was additionally detectable by flow cytometry. Thus, we propose that the developed YC-Nano-based system is useful to study Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> signaling in <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> and is applicable for drug screening.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep23454","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,23]],"date-time":"2016-03-23T10:08:56Z","timestamp":1458727736000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Ca2+ monitoring in Plasmodium falciparum using the yellow cameleon-Nano biosensor"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Kishor","family":"Pandey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro E.","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Ishikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takeharu","family":"Nagai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Osamu","family":"Kaneko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuhide","family":"Yahata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep23454_CR1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 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