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We assessed the effects of intestinal dysbiosis in a model of Sj\u00f6gren syndrome (SS) by subjecting mice to desiccating stress (DS) and antibiotics (ABX). We characterized the conjunctival, tongue and fecal microbiome profiles of patients with SS. Severity of ocular surface and systemic disease was graded. 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing characterized the microbiota. ABX\u2009+\u2009DS mice had a significantly worse dry eye phenotype compared to controls, a decrease in\n                    <jats:italic>Clostridium<\/jats:italic>\n                    and an increase in\n                    <jats:italic>Enterobacter, Escherichia\/Shigella<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>Pseudomonas<\/jats:italic>\n                    in stool after ABX\u2009+\u2009DS for 10 days. Goblet cell density was significantly lower in ABX treated groups compared to controls. Stool from SS subjects had greater relative abundances of\n                    <jats:italic>Pseudobutyrivibrio<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Escherichia\/Shigella<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Blautia<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>Streptococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , while relative abundance of\n                    <jats:italic>Bacteroides<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Parabacteroides<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Faecalibacterium<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>Prevotella<\/jats:italic>\n                    was reduced compared to controls. The severity of SS ocular and systemic disease was inversely correlated with microbial diversity. These findings suggest that SS is marked by a dysbiotic intestinal microbiome driven by low relative abundance of commensal bacteria and high relative abundance of potentially pathogenic genera that is associated with worse ocular mucosal disease in a mouse model of SS and in SS patients.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep23561","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,18]],"date-time":"2016-04-18T05:01:32Z","timestamp":1460955692000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":342,"title":["Altered Mucosal Microbiome Diversity and Disease Severity in Sj\u00f6gren Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Cintia S.","family":"de Paiva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan B.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael E.","family":"Stern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Bian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quianta L.","family":"Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shani","family":"Corbiere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles F.","family":"Streckfus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diane S.","family":"Hutchinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadim J.","family":"Ajami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph F.","family":"Petrosino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen C.","family":"Pflugfelder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep23561_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1080\/03009740701678712","volume":"37","author":"AJ Haugen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Haugen, A. 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