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Several million people all over the world are estimated to suffer from severe morbidity as a consequence of schistosomiasis. The worm\u2019s eggs, which cause the symptoms of schistosomiasis, are generally used to diagnose the disease. In this study, we employed egg-based systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (egg-SELEX) and identified a panel of ssDNA aptamers specifically binding to eggs derived from <jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic>. Among these, two aptamers LC6 and LC15 exhibited strong binding to and specific recognition of <jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic> eggs, but not eggs from <jats:italic>Fasciolopsis buski<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Enterobius<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Ascaris<\/jats:italic> or <jats:italic>Clonorchis sinensis<\/jats:italic>. Furthermore, tissue imaging results revealed that LC15 could recognize <jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic> eggs laid in liver tissues with a detection ratio of 80.5%. Collectively, therefore, we obtained useful aptamers specifically recognizing <jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic> eggs, which will facilitate the development of an effective tool for both schistosomiasis diagnosis and drug delivery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep24986","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,28]],"date-time":"2016-04-28T09:28:42Z","timestamp":1461835722000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Screening and identification of DNA aptamers toward Schistosoma japonicum eggs via SELEX"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Yuqian","family":"Long","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiqiang","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minlan","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shizhu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqiu","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianglin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zilong","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dehui","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoxiao","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mao","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weihong","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep24986_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra064142","volume":"357","author":"PJ Hotez","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hotez, P. 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