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The present study aimed to validate the effect of COS on inducing resistance to <jats:italic>tobacco mosaic virus<\/jats:italic> (TMV) in <jats:italic>Arabidopsis<\/jats:italic> and to investigate the potential defence-related signalling pathways involved. Optimal conditions for the induction of TMV resistance in <jats:italic>Arabidopsis<\/jats:italic> were COS pretreatment at 50\u2009mg\/L for 1 day prior to inoculation with TMV. Multilevel indices, including phenotype data and TMV coat protein expression, revealed that COS induced TMV resistance in wild-type and jasmonic acid pathway- deficient <jats:italic>(jar1<\/jats:italic>) <jats:italic>Arabidopsis<\/jats:italic> plants, but not in salicylic acid pathway deficient (NahG<jats:italic>) Arabidopsis<\/jats:italic> plants. Quantitative-PCR and analysis of phytohormone levels confirmed that COS pretreatment enhanced the expression of the defence-related gene PR1, which is a marker of salicylic acid signalling pathway and increased the amount of salicylic acid in WT and <jats:italic>jar1<\/jats:italic>, but not in NahG plants. Taken together, these results confirm that COS induces TMV resistance in <jats:italic>Arabidopsis<\/jats:italic> via activation of the salicylic acid signalling pathway.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep26144","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,18]],"date-time":"2016-05-18T09:07:44Z","timestamp":1463562464000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":109,"title":["Chitosan oligosaccharide induces resistance to Tobacco mosaic virus in Arabidopsis via the salicylic acid-mediated signalling pathway"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Xiaochen","family":"Jia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingshan","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haihong","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenxia","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heng","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep26144_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2005.08.012","volume":"62","author":"SK Kim","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kim, S. 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