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One cause of MLASA is recessive mutations in <jats:italic>PUS1<\/jats:italic>, which encodes pseudouridine (\u03a8) synthase 1 (Pus1p). Here we describe a mouse model of MLASA due to mutations in <jats:italic>PUS1<\/jats:italic>. As expected, certain \u03a8 modifications were missing in cytoplasmic and mitochondrial tRNAs from <jats:italic>Pus1<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup> animals. <jats:italic>Pus1<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup> mice were born at the expected Mendelian frequency and were non-dysmorphic. At 14 weeks the mutants displayed reduced exercise capacity. Examination of tibialis anterior (TA) muscle morphology and histochemistry demonstrated an increase in the cross sectional area and proportion of myosin heavy chain (MHC) IIB and low succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) expressing myofibers, without a change in the size of MHC IIA positive or high SDH myofibers. Cytochrome <jats:italic>c<\/jats:italic> oxidase activity was significantly reduced in extracts from red gastrocnemius muscle from <jats:italic>Pus1<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup> mice. Transmission electron microscopy on red gastrocnemius muscle demonstrated that <jats:italic>Pus1<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup> mice also had lower intermyofibrillar mitochondrial density and smaller mitochondria. Collectively, these results suggest that alterations in muscle metabolism related to mitochondrial content and oxidative capacity may account for the reduced exercise capacity in <jats:italic>Pus1<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup> mice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep26202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,21]],"date-time":"2016-05-21T09:15:37Z","timestamp":1463822137000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Pseudouridine synthase 1 deficient mice, a model for Mitochondrial Myopathy with Sideroblastic Anemia, exhibit muscle morphology and physiology alterations"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Joshua E.","family":"Mangum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin P.","family":"Hardee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dennis K.","family":"Fix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa J.","family":"Puppa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johnathon","family":"Elkes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diego","family":"Altomare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yelena","family":"Bykhovskaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dean R.","family":"Campagna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul J.","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anoop K.","family":"Sendamarai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hart G. 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