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Here, we hypothesized that intravenous lidocaine acts on spinal cord neurons and induces analgesia in acute pain. We therefore examined the action of intravenous lidocaine in the spinal cord using the<jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>patch-clamp technique. We first investigated the effects of intravenous lidocaine using behavioural measures in rats. We then performed<jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>patch-clamp recording from spinal substantia gelatinosa (SG) neurons. Intravenous lidocaine had a dose-dependent analgesic effect on the withdrawal response to noxious mechanical stimuli. In the electrophysiological experiments, intravenous lidocaine inhibited the excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) evoked by noxious pinch stimuli. Intravenous lidocaine also decreased the frequency, but did not change the amplitude, of both spontaneous and miniature EPSCs. However, it did not affect inhibitory postsynaptic currents. Furthermore, intravenous lidocaine induced outward currents in SG neurons. Intravenous lidocaine inhibits glutamate release from presynaptic terminals in spinal SG neurons. Concomitantly, it hyperpolarizes postsynaptic neurons by shifting the membrane potential. This decrease in the excitability of spinal dorsal horn neurons may be a possible mechanism for the analgesic action of intravenous lidocaine in acute pain.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep26253","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,18]],"date-time":"2016-05-18T09:33:34Z","timestamp":1463564014000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Intravenous administration of lidocaine directly acts on spinal dorsal horn and produces analgesic effect: An in vivo patch-clamp analysis"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Miyuki","family":"Kurabe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hidemasa","family":"Furue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatsuro","family":"Kohno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep26253_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(99)00268-7","volume":"85","author":"W Koppert","year":"2000","unstructured":"Koppert, W., Ostermeier, N., Sittl, R., Weidner, C. & Schmelz, M. 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The error has not been fixed in the paper.","order":6,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 June 2017","order":7,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Erratum","order":8,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Scientific Reports 6: Article number: 26253; published online: 18 May 2016; updated: 01 June 2017. The Author Contributions statement in this Article is incomplete, where: \u201cM.K. and T.K. designed the experiments; M.K. conducted experiments and analysed the data; H.F. and T.K. wrote the manuscript. All authors reviewed the manuscript\u201d.","order":9,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing financial interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"26253"}}