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Our previous research demonstrated that a type IV secretion system (T4SS) harbored in the 89K pathogenicity island contributes to the pathogenicity of <jats:italic>S. suis<\/jats:italic> 2. In the present study, a shotgun proteomics approach was employed to identify the effectors secreted by T4SS in <jats:italic>S. suis<\/jats:italic> 2 and surface-associated subtilisin-like protease-1 (SspA-1) was identified as a potential virulence effector. Western blot analysis and pull-down assay revealed that SspA-1 secretion depends on T4SS. Knockout mutations affecting <jats:italic>sspA-1<\/jats:italic> attenuated <jats:italic>S. suis<\/jats:italic> 2 and impaired the pathogen\u2019s ability to trigger inflammatory response in mice. And purified SspA-1 induced the secretion of IL-6, TNF-\u03b1 and IL-12p70 in THP-1 cells directly. SspA-1 is the first T4SS virulence effector reported in Gram-positive bacteria. Overall, these findings allow us to gain further insights into the pathogenesis of T4SS and STSS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep27369","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,8]],"date-time":"2016-06-08T09:42:56Z","timestamp":1465378976000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Subtilisin-like protease-1 secreted through type IV secretion system contributes to high virulence of Streptococcus suis 2"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Supeng","family":"Yin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiancai","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyue","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiu","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yizhi","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaqi","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fuquan","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep27369_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resmic.2013.03.016","volume":"164","author":"R Kudva","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kudva, R. et al. 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