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A unique opportunity to identify such populations in Switzerland is provided by a database of all genotypic-resistance-tests from Switzerland, including both sequences from the Swiss HIV Cohort Study (SHCS) and non-cohort sequences. A phylogenetic tree was built using 11,127 SHCS and 2,875 Swiss non-SHCS sequences. Demographics were imputed for non-SHCS patients using a phylogenetic proximity approach. Factors associated with non-cohort outbreaks were determined using logistic regression. Non-B subtype (univariable odds-ratio (OR): 1.9; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.8\u20132.1), female gender (OR: 1.6; 95% CI: 1.4\u20131.7), black ethnicity (OR: 1.9; 95% CI: 1.7\u20132.1) and heterosexual transmission group (OR:1.8; 95% CI: 1.6\u20132.0), were all associated with underrepresentation in the SHCS. 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