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While associated with food-borne transmission in Asia, zoonotic <jats:italic>S. suis<\/jats:italic> infections are mainly occupational hazards elsewhere. To identify genomic differences that can explain zoonotic potential, we compared whole genomes of 98 <jats:italic>S. suis<\/jats:italic> isolates from human patients and pigs with invasive disease in the Netherlands, and validated our observations with 18 complete and publicly available sequences. Zoonotic isolates have smaller genomes than non-zoonotic isolates, but contain more virulence factors. We identified a zoonotic <jats:italic>S. suis<\/jats:italic> clone that diverged from a non-zoonotic clone by means of gene loss, a capsule switch, and acquisition of a two-component signalling system in the late 19th century, when foreign pig breeds were introduced. Our results indicate that zoonotic potential of <jats:italic>S. suis<\/jats:italic> results from gene loss, recombination and horizontal gene transfer events.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep28984","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,6]],"date-time":"2016-07-06T09:03:20Z","timestamp":1467795800000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["An emerging zoonotic clone in the Netherlands provides clues to virulence and zoonotic potential of Streptococcus suis"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"N.","family":"Willemse","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. J.","family":"Howell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. 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