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New, curative medicines are needed urgently. Herein, we develop novel models to facilitate drug development: EGS strain <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> forms cysts <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> that induce oocysts in cats, the gold standard criterion for cysts. These cysts highly express <jats:italic>cytochrome b<\/jats:italic>. Using these models, we envisioned, and then created, novel 4-(1<jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>)-quinolone scaffolds that target the cytochrome <jats:italic>bc<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>1<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub> complex Q<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub> site, of which, a substituted 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinolin-4-one inhibits active infection (IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>, 30\u2009nM) and cysts (IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>, 4\u2009\u03bcM) <jats:italic>in vitro,<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> (25\u2009mg\/kg), and drug resistant <jats:italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic> (IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>, &lt;30\u2009nM), with clinically relevant synergy. Mutant yeast and co-crystallographic studies demonstrate binding to the <jats:italic>bc<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>1<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub> complex Q<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub> site. Our results have direct impact on improving outcomes for those with toxoplasmosis, malaria, and ~2 billion persons chronically infected with encysted bradyzoites.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep29179","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,14]],"date-time":"2016-07-14T11:17:22Z","timestamp":1468495042000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["New paradigms for understanding and step changes in treating active and chronic, persistent apicomplexan infections"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Martin","family":"McPhillie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamal","family":"El 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