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In this study, we analyzed cell markers, cytokine expression and transcription factors in IL-21-expressing CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells in polyp tissues of NP patients. The results showed that the majority of IL-21-producing CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells were effector memory cells and they co-expressed IFN-\u03b3. IL-21-expressing CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells in polyp tissues expressed higher CXCR5, PD-1 and ICOS levels than cells in control tissues and showed significantly higher T-bet and Bcl-6 expression levels compared with IL-21<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells. Purified polyp CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells promoted IgG production from isolated polyp B cells <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> and recombinant IL-12 modulated the expression of IL-21, IFN-\u03b3 and CD40L in purified polyp CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells. Moreover, the percentage of IL-21<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells in polyp tissues was positively correlated with endoscopic and CT scan scores in NP patients. These findings indicated that polyp CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells, by co-expressing IL-21 and IFN-\u03b3 and other markers, display a Tfh cell functionality, which is associated with the clinical severity of NP patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep30362","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,29]],"date-time":"2016-07-29T10:24:42Z","timestamp":1469787882000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Phenotypic and functional characteristics of IL-21-expressing CD8+ T cells in human nasal polyps"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Li","family":"Xiao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Long","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Binyan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changyou","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huabin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep30362_CR1","first-page":"16","volume":"66","author":"R Rajguru","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rajguru, R. 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