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Wistar rats raised in small litters (SLs, 3 pups\/dam) and normal litters (NLs, 9 pups\/dam) were used in models of early overfeeding and normal feeding, respectively. During the first 12 days of lactation, animals in the SL and NL groups received scopolamine butylbromide (B), while the controls received saline (S) injections. The drug treatment decreased insulin levels in pups from both groups, and as adults, these animals showed improvements in glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, vagus nerve activity, fat tissue accretion, insulinemia, leptinemia, body weight gain and food intake. Low glucose and cholinergic insulinotropic effects were observed in pancreatic islets from both groups. Low protein expression was observed for the muscarinic M<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> acetylcholine receptor subtype (M<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>mAChR), although M<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>mAChR subtype expression was increased in SL-B islets. In addition, beta-cell density was reduced in drug-treated rats. These results indicate that early postnatal scopolamine butylbromide treatment inhibits early overfeeding-induced metabolic dysfunctions in adult rats, which might be caused by insulin decreases during lactation, associated with reduced parasympathetic activity and expression of M<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>mAChR in pancreatic islets.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep30745","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,26]],"date-time":"2016-08-26T09:50:25Z","timestamp":1472205025000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Neonatal treatment with scopolamine butylbromide prevents metabolic dysfunction in male rats"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Ananda","family":"Malta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aline Amenencia de","family":"Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tatiane Aparecida","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fl\u00e1vio Andrade","family":"Francisco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Audrei","family":"Pavanello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kelly Val\u00e9rio","family":"Prates","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laize Peron","family":"T\u00f3folo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosiane Aparecida","family":"Miranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J\u00falio Cezar de","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isabela Peixoto","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carina","family":"Previate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo Mello","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claudin\u00e9ia Conationi da Silva","family":"Franco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Raquel Mar\u00e7al","family":"Natali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kesia","family":"Palma-Rigo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paulo Cezar de Freitas","family":"Mathias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep30745_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e87486","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0087486","volume":"9","author":"MS Felisbino-Mendes","year":"2014","unstructured":"Felisbino-Mendes, M. 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