{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T01:19:27Z","timestamp":1784337567945,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,16]],"date-time":"2016-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1473984000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,16]],"date-time":"2016-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1473984000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of urinary and pericardial fluid (PF) lipoarabinomannan (LAM) assays in tuberculous pericarditis (TBP). From October 2009 through September 2012, 151 patients with TBP were enrolled. <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> culture and\/or pericardial histology were the reference standard for definite TBP. 49% (74\/151), 33.1% (50\/151) and 17.9% (27\/151) of patients had definite-, probable-, and non-TB respectively; 69.5% (105\/151) were HIV positive. LAM ELISA had the following sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, positive predictive value and negative predictive values (95% confidence interval): urinary - 17.4% (9.1\u201330.7), 93.8% (71.7\u201398.9), 2.8 (0.1\u201363.3), 0.9 (0.8\u20130.9), 88.9% (56.5\u201398.0), and 28.3% (17.9\u201341.6); PF - 11.6% (6.0\u201321.3), 88% (70.0\u201395.8), 0.9 (0.08\u201312.0), 1.0 (0.9\u20131.1), 72.7% (43.4\u201390.1), and 26.6% (18.2\u201336.9). Sensitivity increased with a CD4\u2009\u2264\u2009100\u2009cells\/mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> from 3.5% to 50% (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) for urinary LAM ELISA; for urinary LAM strip test, grade 1 and 2 cut-points performed similarly, irrespective of HIV status or CD4 count. For PF LAM strip tests, switching cut-points from grade 1 to 2 significantly reduced test sensitivity (54.5% versus 19.7%; p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Urinary and PF LAM assays have low sensitivity but high specificity for diagnosis of TBP. The sensitivity of urinary LAM is increased in HIV-infected patients with a CD4\u2009\u2264\u2009100\u2009cells\/mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep32924","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,16]],"date-time":"2016-09-16T09:30:54Z","timestamp":1474018254000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["The diagnostic accuracy of pericardial and urinary lipoarabinomannan (LAM) assays in patients with suspected tuberculous pericarditis"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Shaheen","family":"Pandie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan G.","family":"Peter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zita S.","family":"Kerbelker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Meldau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grant","family":"Theron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ureshnie","family":"Govender","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mpiko","family":"Ntsekhe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keertan","family":"Dheda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bongani M.","family":"Mayosi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep32924_CR1","first-page":"36","volume":"98","author":"BM Mayosi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mayosi, B. 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