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Recently, an adenovirus REIC vector with the super gene expression system (Ad-SGE-REIC) was developed to increase REIC\/Dkk-3 expression and enhance therapeutic effects compared with the conventional adenoviral vector (Ad-CAG-REIC). In this study, we investigated the<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>effects of Ad-SGE-REIC on malignant glioma. In U87\u0394EGFR and GL261 glioma cells, western blotting confirmed that robust upregulation of REIC\/Dkk-3 expression occurred in Ad-SGE-REIC-transduced cells, most notably after transduction at a multiplicity of infection of 10. Cytotoxicity assays showed that Ad-SGE-REIC resulted in a time-dependent and significant reduction in the number of malignant glioma cells attaching to the bottom of culture wells. Xenograft and syngeneic mouse intracranial glioma models treated with Ad-SGE-REIC had significantly longer survival than those treated with the control vector Ad-LacZ or with Ad-CAG-REIC. This study demonstrated the anti-glioma effect of Ad-SGE-REIC, which may represent a promising strategy for the treatment of malignant glioma.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep33319","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,14]],"date-time":"2016-09-14T09:33:07Z","timestamp":1473845587000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["A super gene expression system enhances the anti-glioma effects of adenovirus-mediated REIC\/Dkk-3 gene therapy"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Tetsuo","family":"Oka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuhiko","family":"Kurozumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yosuke","family":"Shimazu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomotsugu","family":"Ichikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joji","family":"Ishida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshihiro","family":"Otani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toshihiko","family":"Shimizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Tomita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masakiyo","family":"Sakaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masami","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasutomo","family":"Nasu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiromi","family":"Kumon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isao","family":"Date","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep33319_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1586\/14737140.7.5.641","volume":"7","author":"M Penas-Prado","year":"2007","unstructured":"Penas-Prado, M. & Gilbert, M. 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Dr Kumon, Dr Nasu, and Dr Watanabe demonstrated the utility of the agent and also owns stocks in Momotaro-Gene Inc. Okayama University and Momotaro-Gene Inc. are working together for the development of the Ad-REIC agent. Okayama University received the GMP-grade Ad-REIC agent from Momotaro-Gene Inc. to perform clinical trials for the treatment of cancer patients. Okayama University also received research funds for the joint research. Dr Kumon is the Chief Science Officer of Momotaro-Gene Inc.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"33319"}}