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Immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgG1 and IgG3 specific for 5 malaria antigens were measured every 3 months. A linear mixed model was used to analyze the effect of each variable on the acquisition of antimalarial antibodies in 6-to18-month old infants in univariate and multivariate analyses. Placental malaria, nutrition intakes and sickle-cell trait did not influence the infant antibody levels to <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> antigens. In contrary, age, malaria antibody levels at birth, previous and present malaria infections as well as exposure to <jats:italic>Anopheles<\/jats:italic> bites were significantly associated with the natural acquisition of malaria antibodies in 6-to18-month old Beninese infants. 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