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However, in <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> studies related to inflammatory disorders, 1,25(OH)<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>D<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> has been demonstrated to induce an anti-inflammatory response. We therefore examined whether in the murine model of tuberculosis, the anti-inflammatory effects of 1,25(OH)<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>D<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> would affect the outcome of <jats:italic>M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> infection. We show here that administration of 1,25(OH)<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>D<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> to <jats:italic>M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> infected mice led to a change in lung granuloma architecture, characterized by a marked decrease in B cell lymphocytic aggregates. Consistent with the altered granulomas, 1,25(OH)<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>D<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>-treated mice also exhibited significantly higher bacterial burden in the lungs compared to the control group. These findings highlight the need to further investigate the effect of vitamin D on host immunity to <jats:italic>M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> in the context of the granulomatous response.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep34469","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,4]],"date-time":"2016-10-04T12:06:16Z","timestamp":1475582776000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["1,25 (OH)2D3 treatment alters the granulomatous response in M. tuberculosis infected mice"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Kamlesh","family":"Bhatt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wasiulla","family":"Rafi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Neel","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sylvia","family":"Christakos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Padmini","family":"Salgame","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep34469_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1017\/S0029665111001650","volume":"71","author":"M Hewison","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hewison, M. 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