{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T00:38:49Z","timestamp":1792456729628,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,5]],"date-time":"2016-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1475625600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,5]],"date-time":"2016-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1475625600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The functional adaptive changes in cyanide detoxification in giant panda appear to be response to dietary transition from typical carnivore to herbivorous bear. We tested the absorption of cyanide contained in bamboo\/bamboo shoots with a feeding trial in 20 adult giant pandas. We determined total cyanide content in bamboo shoots and giant panda\u2019s feces, levels of urinary thiocyanate and tissue rhodanese activity using color reactions with a spectrophotometer. Rhodanese expression in liver and kidney at transcription and translation levels were measured using real-time RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. We compared differences of rhodanese activity and gene expressions among giant panda, rabbit (herbivore) and cat (carnivore), and between newborn and adult giant pandas. Bamboo shoots contained 3.2\u2009mg\/kg of cyanide and giant pandas absorbed more than 65% of cyanide. However, approximately 80% of absorbed cyanide was metabolized to less toxic thiocyanate that was discharged in urine. Rhodanese expression and activity in liver and kidney of giant panda were significantly higher than in cat, but lower than in rabbit (all <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Levels in adult pandas were higher than that in newborn cub. Phylogenetic analysis of both nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the rhodanese gene supported a closer relationship of giant panda with carnivores than with herbivores.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep34700","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,5]],"date-time":"2016-10-05T09:33:59Z","timestamp":1475660039000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Dietary resources shape the adaptive changes of cyanide detoxification function in giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca)"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"He","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shangmian","family":"Yie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuliang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chengdong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhigang","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenping","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingchao","family":"Lan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangming","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kailai","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhihe","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1946","DOI":"10.1080\/19440049.2013.825819","volume":"30","author":"P Cressey","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cressey, P., Saunders, D. & Goodman, J. Cyanogenic glycosides in plant-based foods available in New Zealand. Food. Addit. Contam. Part A. Chem. Anal. Control. Expo. Risk. Assess. 30, 1946\u20131953 (2013).","journal-title":"Contam. Part A. Chem. Anal. Control. Expo. Risk. Assess."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(99)00128-2","volume":"38","author":"J Vetter","year":"2000","unstructured":"Vetter, J. Plant cyanogenic glycosides. Toxicon. 38, 11\u201336 (2000).","journal-title":"Toxicon."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pa.24.040184.002315","volume":"24","author":"JL Way","year":"1984","unstructured":"Way, J. L. Cyanide intoxication and its mechanism of antagonism. Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 24, 451\u2013481 (1984).","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1991","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005565228064","volume":"26","author":"EA Burritt","year":"2000","unstructured":"Burritt, E. A. & Provenza, F. D. Role of toxins in intake of varied diets by sheep. J. Chem. Ecol. 26, 1991\u20132005 (2000).","journal-title":"J. Chem. Ecol."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1010694710124","volume":"25","author":"B Soto-Blanco","year":"2001","unstructured":"Soto-Blanco, B., G\u00f3rniak, S. L. & Kimura, E. T. Physiopathological effects of the administration of chronic cyanide to growing goats\u2013a model for ingestion of cyanogenic plants. Vet.Res.Commun. 25, 379\u2013389 (2001).","journal-title":"Vet.Res.Commun."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1007\/s11259-006-3361-x","volume":"31","author":"H Manzano","year":"2007","unstructured":"Manzano, H. et al. Effects of long-term cyanide ingestion by pigs. Vet. Res.Commun. 31, 93\u2013104 (2007).","journal-title":"Vet. Res.Commun."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etp.2009.05.011","volume":"62","author":"B Soto-Blanco","year":"2010","unstructured":"Soto-Blanco, B. & G\u00f3rniak, S. L. Toxic effects of prolonged administration of leaves of cassava(Manihot esculenta Crantz) to goats. Exp.Toxicol.Pathol. 62, 361\u2013366 (2010).","journal-title":"Exp.Toxicol.Pathol."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.2307\/4002523","volume":"45","author":"FD Provenza","year":"1992","unstructured":"Provenza, F. D., Pfister, J. A. & Cheney, C. D. Mechanisms of learning in diet selection with reference to phytotoxicosis in herbivores. J. Range. Manag. 45, 36\u201345 (1992).","journal-title":"J. Range. Manag."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR9","first-page":"327","volume":"39","author":"J Westley","year":"1973","unstructured":"Westley, J. Rhodanese. Adv. Enzymol.Relat.Areas.Mol Biol. 39, 327\u2013368 (1973).","journal-title":"Adv. Enzymol.Relat.Areas.Mol Biol."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR10","unstructured":"Wood, J. L. In Chemistry and Biochemistry of Thiocyanic Acid and Its Derivatives (ed Newmann, A. A. ) (Academic Press, London, New York, San Francisco, 1975)."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/0305-0491(87)90296-3","volume":"86","author":"RB Drawbaugh","year":"1987","unstructured":"Drawbaugh, R. B. & Marrs, T. C. Interspecies differences in rhodanese (thiosulfate sulfurtransferase, EC 2.8. 1.1) activity in liver, kidney and plasma. Comp. Biochem. Physiol B. 86, 307\u2013310 (1987).","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol B."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/S1096-4959(02)00005-2","volume":"132","author":"M Aminlari","year":"2002","unstructured":"Aminlari, M., Li, A., Kunanithy, V. & Scaman, C. H. Rhodanese distribution in porcine (Sus scrofa) tissues. Comp. Biochem. Physiol B.Biochem.Mol Biol. 132, 309\u2013313 (2002).","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol B.Biochem.Mol Biol."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1016\/S1096-4959(03)00003-4","volume":"134","author":"S Nazifi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Nazifi, S., Aminlari, M. & Alaibakhsh, M. A. Distribution of rhodanese in tissues of goat (Capra hircus). Comp. Biochem. Physiol B. Biochem. Mol. Biol. 134, 515\u2013518 (2003).","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol B. Biochem. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(81)77039-3","volume":"77","author":"J Westley","year":"1981","unstructured":"Westley, J. Thiosulfate: cyanide sulfurtransferase (rhodanese). Methods Enzymol. 77, 285\u2013291 (1981).","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1159\/000121331","volume":"15","author":"R Cipollone","year":"2008","unstructured":"Cipollone, R., Ascenzi, P., Tomao, P., Imperi, F. & Visca, P. Enzymatic detoxification of cyanide: clues from Pseudomonas aeruginosa Rhodanese. J. Mol. Microbiol.Biotechnol. 15, 199\u2013211 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Mol. Microbiol.Biotechnol."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)65908-3","volume":"218","author":"JL Wood","year":"1956","unstructured":"Wood, J. L. & Cooley, S. L. Detoxication of Cyanide by Cystine. J. Biol.Chem. 218, 449\u2013457 (1956).","journal-title":"J. Biol.Chem."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-011-0013-0","volume":"44","author":"KT Hue","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hue, K. T., Van, do. T. T., Sp\u00f6rndly, E., Ledin, I. & Wredle, E. Effect of adaptation strategies when feeding fresh cassava foliage on intake and physiological responses of lambs. Trop.Anim.Health.Prod. 44, 267\u2013276 (2012).","journal-title":"Trop.Anim.Health.Prod."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2013.07.008","volume":"222","author":"BL Mitchell","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mitchell, B. L. et al. Toxicokinetic profiles of \u03b1-ketoglutarate cyanohydrin, a cyanide detoxification product, following exposure to potassium cyanide. Toxicol. Lett. 222, 83\u201389 (2013).","journal-title":"Toxicol. Lett."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR19","first-page":"148","volume":"7","author":"M Ansell","year":"1970","unstructured":"Ansell, M. & Lewis, F. A. A review of cyanide concentrations found in human organs. A survey of literature concerning cyanide metabolism, \u2018normal\u2019, non-fatal, and fatal body cyanide levels. J. Forensic.Med. 7, 148\u2013155 (1970).","journal-title":"J. Forensic.Med."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1177\/014107688808100219","volume":"81","author":"AG Freeman","year":"1988","unstructured":"Freeman, A. G. Optic neuropathy and chronic cyanide intoxication: a review. J. R. Soc. Med. 81, 103\u2013106 (1988).","journal-title":"J. R. Soc. Med."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/S0305-0491(00)00275-3","volume":"127","author":"M Aminlari","year":"2000","unstructured":"Aminlari, M., Gholami, S., Vaseghi, T., Azadi, A. & Karimi, H. Distribution of rhodanese in different parts of the urogenital systems of sheep at pre- and post-natal stages. Comp. Biochem. Physiol B. Biochem. Mol Biol. 127, 369\u2013374 (2000).","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol B. Biochem. Mol Biol."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1051\/vetres:2001110","volume":"32","author":"AA Al-Qarawi","year":"2001","unstructured":"Al-Qarawi, A. A., Mousa, H. M. & Ali, B. H. Tissue and intracellular distribution of rhodanese and mercaptopyruvate sulphurtransferase in ruminants and birds. Vet. Res. 32, 63\u201370 (2001).","journal-title":"Vet. Res."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-003-0446-y","volume":"77","author":"AB Sousa","year":"2003","unstructured":"Sousa, A. B., Manzano, H., Soto-Blanco, B. & G\u00f3rniak, S. L. Toxicokinetics of cyanide in rats, pigs and goats after oral dosing with potassium cyanide. Arch. Toxicol. 77, 330\u2013334 (2003).","journal-title":"Arch. Toxicol."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2885.2006.00762_20.x","volume":"29","author":"M Aminlari","year":"2006","unstructured":"Aminlari, M. D18 Distribution of the cyanide metabolizing enzyme rhodanese in different tissues of domestic animals. J.Vet. Pharmacol. Ther. 29, 128\u2013128 (2006).","journal-title":"J.Vet. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1080\/00071668.2012.682722","volume":"53","author":"N Eskandarzade","year":"2012","unstructured":"Eskandarzade, N., Aminlari, M., Golami, S. & Tavana, M. Rhodanese activity in different tissues of the ostrich. Br. Poult. Sci. 53, 270\u2013273 (2012).","journal-title":"Br. Poult. Sci."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1092320417","volume":"232","author":"JL Lewis","year":"1992","unstructured":"Lewis, J. L. et al. Interspecies comparison of cellular localization of the cyanide metabolizing enzyme rhodanese within olfactory mucosa. Anat. Rec. 232, 620\u2013627 (1992).","journal-title":"Anat. Rec."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/s00580-006-0647-x","volume":"16","author":"M Aminlari","year":"2007","unstructured":"Aminlari, M., Malekhusseini, A., Akrami, F. & Ebrahimnejad, H. Cyanide-metabolizing enzyme rhodanese in human tissues: comparison with domestic animals. Comp. Clin. Pathol. 16, 47\u201351 (2007).","journal-title":"Comp. Clin. Pathol."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfms.2008.07.006","volume":"11","author":"HR Shahbazkia","year":"2009","unstructured":"Shahbazkia, H. R., Aminlari, M. & Tavana, M. Distribution of the enzyme rhodanese in tissues of the cat (Felis catus). J. Feline. Med. Surg. 11, 305\u2013308 (2009).","journal-title":"J. Feline. Med. Surg."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17714","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1017956108","volume":"108","author":"L Zhu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zhu, L., Wu, Q., Dai, J., Zhang, S. & Wei, F. Evidence of cellulose metabolism by the giant panda gut microbiome. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 108, 17714\u201317719 (2011).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08696","volume":"463","author":"R Li","year":"2010","unstructured":"Li, R. et al. The sequence and de novo assembly of the giant panda genome. Nature. 463, 311\u2013317 (2010).","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR31","unstructured":"Schaller, G. B., Hu, J. C., Pan, W. S. & Zhu, J. The Giant Pandas of Wolong. (University of Chicago Press, 1985)."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10932","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0704198104","volume":"104","author":"C Jin","year":"2007","unstructured":"Jin, C. et al. The first skull of the earliest giant panda. Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci. USA. 104, 10932\u201310937 (2007).","journal-title":"Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci. USA."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR33","first-page":"191","volume":"20","author":"JK Wang","year":"1974","unstructured":"Wang, J. K. On the taxonomic status of species, geological distribution and evolutionary history of Ailuropoda. Acta Zoologica Sinica. 20, 191\u2013201 (1974).","journal-title":"Acta Zoologica Sinica."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR34","unstructured":"Hu, J. C. & Wei, F. W. In Giant Pandas: biology and conservation. (eds Lindburg, D. & Baragona, K. ) (University of California Press, 2004)."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR35","unstructured":"Pan, W. et al. Giant Panda\u2019s Natural Refuge in the Qinling Mountains. (Peking University Publisher, 1988)."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/112.4.636","volume":"112","author":"ES Dierenfeld","year":"1982","unstructured":"Dierenfeld, E. S., Hintz, H. F., Robertson, J. B., Van, Soest. P. J. & Oftedal, O. T. Utilization of bamboo by the giant panda. J. Nutr. 112, 636\u2013641 (1982).","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1002\/zoo.20340","volume":"30","author":"TG Finley","year":"2011","unstructured":"Finley, T. G. et al. Energy digestibility of giant pandas on bamboo-only and on supplemented diet. Zoo. Biol. 30, 121\u2013133 (2011).","journal-title":"Zoo. Biol."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1097\/PAI.0b013e3181a13bf2","volume":"17","author":"CJ Wang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wang, C. J. et al. Survivin expression quantified by Image Pro-Plus compared with visual assessment. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. 17, 530\u2013535 (2009).","journal-title":"Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.2111\/07-046.1","volume":"61","author":"RA Long","year":"2008","unstructured":"Long, R. A., Rachlow, J. L., Kie, J. G. & Vavra, M. Fuels reduction in a western coniferous forest: effects on quantity and quality of forage for elk. Rangeland. Ecolo. Manage. 61, 302\u2013313 (2008).","journal-title":"Rangeland. Ecolo. Manage."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.2307\/3798904","volume":"37","author":"AP Ammann","year":"1973","unstructured":"Ammann, A. P., Cowan, R. L., Mothershead, C. L. & Baumgardt, B. R. Dry matter and energy intake in relation to digestibility in white-tailed deer. J. Wildl.Manage. 37, 195\u2013201 (1973).","journal-title":"J. Wildl.Manage."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2307\/3503982","volume":"29","author":"J Chorn","year":"1978","unstructured":"Chorn, J. & Hoffmann, R. S. Ailuropoda melanoleuca. Mammalian. Species. 29, 1\u20136 (1978).","journal-title":"Mammalian. Species."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-0590(83)80007-4","volume":"3","author":"WG Hol","year":"1983","unstructured":"Hol, W. G., Lijk, L. J. & Kalk, K. H. The high resolution three-dimensional structure of bovine liver rhodanese. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 3, 370\u2013376 (1983).","journal-title":"Fundam. Appl. Toxicol."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR43","first-page":"1277","volume":"14","author":"N Nagahara","year":"1999","unstructured":"Nagahara, N., Ito, T. & Minami, M. Mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase as a defense against cyanide toxication: molecular properties and mode of detoxification. Histol Histopathol. 14, 1277\u20131286 (1999).","journal-title":"Histol Histopathol."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.0731465","volume":"73","author":"M Aminlari","year":"1994","unstructured":"Aminlari, M. & Shahbazi, M. Rhodanese (thiosulfate:cyanide sulfurtransferase) distribution in the digestive tract of chicken. Poult.Sci. 73, 1465\u20131469 (1994).","journal-title":"Poult.Sci."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1007\/s00580-013-1772-y","volume":"23","author":"L Aminlari","year":"2014","unstructured":"Aminlari, L., Tavana, M. & Kazemipour, N. Rhodanese distribution in different tissues of rabbits. Comp. Clin. Pathol. 23, 1259\u20131262 (2014).","journal-title":"Comp. Clin. Pathol."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR46","first-page":"1","volume":"10","author":"P Feeny","year":"1976","unstructured":"Feeny, P. Plant apparency and chemical defense. Recent. Adv. Phytochem. 10, 1\u20134 (1976).","journal-title":"Recent. Adv. Phytochem."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.2307\/1312297","volume":"44","author":"JL Gittleman","year":"1994","unstructured":"Gittleman, J. L. Are the pandas successful specialists or evolutionary failures? BioScience. 44, 456\u2013464 (1994).","journal-title":"BioScience."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msu278","volume":"32","author":"FW Wei","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wei, F. W. et al. Giant pandas are not an evolutionary cul-de-sac: evidence from multidisciplinary research. Mol Biol Evol. 32, 4\u201312 (2015).","journal-title":"Mol Biol Evol."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1038\/16830","volume":"397","author":"H Endo","year":"1999","unstructured":"Endo, H. et al. Role of the giant panda\u2019s \u2018pseudo-thumb\u2019. Nature. 397, 309\u2013310 (1999).","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0504899102","volume":"103","author":"MJ Salesa","year":"2006","unstructured":"Salesa, M. J., Ant\u00f3n, M., Peigne, S. & Morales, J. Evidence of a false thumb in a fossil carnivore clarifies the evolution of pandas. Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci. USA. 103, 379\u2013382 (2006).","journal-title":"Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci. USA."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Figueirido, B., Tseng, Z. J., Serrano-Alarc\u00f3n, F. J., Mart\u00edn-Serra, A. & Pastor, J. F. Three-dimensional computer simulations of feeding behaviour in red and giant pandas relate skull biomechanics with dietary niche partitioning. Biol Lett. 10.1098\/rsbl.2014.0196 (2014).","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2014.0196"},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aab2413","volume":"349","author":"YG Nie","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nie, Y. G. et al. Exceptionally low daily energy expenditure in the bamboo-eating giant panda. Science. 349, 171\u2013174 (2015).","journal-title":"Science."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, Y. et al. The evolution of the gut microbiota in the giant and the red pandas. Sci Rep. 10.1038\/srep10185 (2015).","DOI":"10.1038\/srep10185"},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2788","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2013.05.110","volume":"141","author":"A Surleva","year":"2013","unstructured":"Surleva, A. & Drochioiu, G. A modified ninhydrin micro-assay for determination of total cyanogens in plants. Food. Chem. 141, 2788\u20132794 (2013).","journal-title":"Food. Chem."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR55","first-page":"343","volume":"33","author":"P Lundquist","year":"1995","unstructured":"Lundquist, P., K\u00e5gedal, B. & Nilsson, L. An improved method for determination of thiocyanate in plasma and urine. Eur. J. Chem. Clin. Biochem. 33, 343\u2013349 (1995).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Chem. Clin. Biochem."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.3891\/acta.chem.scand.07-1129","volume":"7","author":"BH S\u00f6rbo","year":"1953","unstructured":"S\u00f6rbo, B. H. Crystalline rhodanese. I. Purification and physiochemical examination. Acta. Chem. Scand. 7, 1129\u20131136 (1953).","journal-title":"Acta. Chem. Scand."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)52451-6","volume":"193","author":"OH Lowry","year":"1951","unstructured":"Lowry, O. H., Rosebrough, N. J., Farr, L. & Randall, R. J. Protein measurement with the Folin Phenol Reagent. J. Biol. Chem. 193, 265\u2013275 (1951).","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"BFsrep34700_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2725","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/mst197","volume":"30","author":"K Tamura","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tamura, K., Stecher, G., Peterson, D., Filipski, A. & Kumar, S. MEGA6: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis Version 6.0. Mol. Biol. Evol. 30, 2725\u20132729 (2013).","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/srep34700.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/srep34700","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/srep34700.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]],"date-time":"2023-01-05T01:49:05Z","timestamp":1672883345000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/srep34700"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,5]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,16]]}},"alternative-id":["BFsrep34700"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/srep34700","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 June 2016","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 September 2016","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 October 2016","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing financial interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"34700"}}