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We studied common polymorphisms in the genes of proinflammatory cytokines (<jats:italic>IL6<\/jats:italic> rs1800795, <jats:italic>IL8<\/jats:italic> rs4073, <jats:italic>IL1B<\/jats:italic> rs16944), anti-inflammatory cytokines (<jats:italic>IL10<\/jats:italic> rs1800896, <jats:italic>IL4<\/jats:italic> rs2243250, <jats:italic>IL13<\/jats:italic> rs20541) and toll-like receptors (<jats:italic>TLR2<\/jats:italic> rs5743708 and rs4696480, <jats:italic>TLR4<\/jats:italic> rs4986791, <jats:italic>TLR9<\/jats:italic> rs352139, rs5743836 and rs187084) in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) (390 cases, 203 controls) and nosocomial pneumonia (355 cases, 216 controls). Experimental data were included in a series of 11 meta-analyses and eight subset analyses related to pneumonia susceptibility and outcome. <jats:italic>TLR2<\/jats:italic> rs5743708 minor genotype appeared to be associated with CAP\/Legionnaires\u2019 disease\/pneumococcal disease. In CAP patients, the <jats:italic>IL6<\/jats:italic> rs1800795-C allele was associated with severe sepsis\/septic shock\/severe systemic inflammatory response, while the <jats:italic>IL10<\/jats:italic> rs1800896-A allele protected against the development of these critical conditions. To contribute to deciphering of the above results, we performed an <jats:italic>in silico<\/jats:italic> analysis and a qualitative synthesis of literature data addressing basal and stimulated genotype-specific expression level. This data together with database information on transcription factors\u2019 affinity changes caused by SNPs in putative promoter regions, the results of linkage disequilibrium analysis along with SNPs functional annotations supported assumptions about the complexity underlying the revealed associations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep35021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,11]],"date-time":"2016-10-11T09:58:29Z","timestamp":1476179909000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Genetic dissection of host immune response in pneumonia development and progression"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Tamara V.","family":"Smelaya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olesya B.","family":"Belopolskaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Svetlana V.","family":"Smirnova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Artem N.","family":"Kuzovlev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viktor V.","family":"Moroz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arkadiy M.","family":"Golubev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noel A.","family":"Pabalan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lyubov E.","family":"Salnikova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep35021_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.4161\/viru.27372","volume":"5","author":"FB Mayr","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mayr, F. 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