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Estimated 230 million people are currently infected with Schistosoma spp, with 779 million people at risk of contracting the parasite. Infection occurs when a host comes into contact with cercariae, a planktonic larval stage of the parasite, and can be prevented by inactivating the larvae, commonly by chemical treatment. We investigated the use of physical non-equilibrium plasma generated at atmospheric pressure using custom-made dielectric barrier discharge reactor to kill <jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic> cercariae. Survival rate decreased with treatment time and applied power. Plasmas generated in O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and air gas discharges were more effective in killing <jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic> cercariae than that generated in He, which is directly related to the mechanism by which cercariae are inactivated. Reactive oxygen species, such as O atoms, abundant in O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> plasma and NO in air plasma play a major role in killing of <jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic> cercariae via oxidation mechanisms. Similar level of efficacy is also shown for a gliding arc discharge plasma jet generated in ambient air, a system that may be more appropriate for scale-up and integration into existing water treatment processes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep35353","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,14]],"date-time":"2016-10-14T10:27:52Z","timestamp":1476440872000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Non-equilibrium plasma prevention of Schistosoma japonicum transmission"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Xing-Quan","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Feng-Peng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kateryna","family":"Bazaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kostya","family":"Ostrikov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep35353_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2253","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61949-2","volume":"383","author":"DG Colley","year":"2014","unstructured":"Colley, D. 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