{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T18:00:05Z","timestamp":1790532005998,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,14]],"date-time":"2016-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1476403200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,14]],"date-time":"2016-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1476403200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among the researches on hepatic fibrosis, great attention was paid to both hepatocytes and extracellular matrix (ECM). However, little focus was drawn on reticular fibrous network, which is important for demarcation and support of hepatocytes. The aim of this study was to investigate the change pattern of reticular fibers in hepatic fibrosis\/cirrhosis and its underlying mechanism. In this study, thioacetamide (TAA) and bile duct ligation (BDL) were utilized to induce rat hepatic fibrosis respectively, and Human liver cirrhotic microassay was analyzed with IHC to confirm the results in animal experiment and to detect the metalloproteinases (MMPs) expressions. As a result, the reticular fibers decreased markedly after 1 week in TAA and 1 day in BDL treated rats. Multiple representative regulators of MMPs and MMPs increased significantly in their expressions and activities. Further more, in human liver cirrhotic microassay, MMPs expressions also showed similar patterns as that of animal experiment. In Conclusions: Degradation or collapse of reticular fibers in hepatic sinusoid can be considered as a pathological feature during the initiation and\/or progression of hepatic fibrosis. Moreover, such degradation is associated with and probably caused by the over\/dysregulated expression of MMPs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep35426","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,14]],"date-time":"2016-10-14T10:26:37Z","timestamp":1476440797000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Collapsed Reticular Network and its Possible Mechanism during the Initiation and\/or Progression of Hepatic Fibrosis"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Shi-Lei","family":"Wen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shi","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shi-Hang","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin-Hang","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin-hao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huan","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhao-Ping","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ding Zhi","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24047","volume":"53","author":"H He","year":"2011","unstructured":"He, H., Mennone, A., Boyer, J. L. & Cai, S. Y. Combination of retinoic acid and ursodeoxycholic acid attenuates liver injury in bile duct-ligated rats and human hepatic cells. Hepatology 53, 548\u2013557, 10.1002\/hep.24047 (2011).","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-8278(89)90144-X","volume":"9","author":"M Buti","year":"1989","unstructured":"Buti, M. et al. [Association of sarcoidosis and primary biliary cirrhosis. Clinical and anatomopathologic study of a case followed for over 10 years]. J Hepatol. 9, 345\u2013350 (1989).","journal-title":"J Hepatol."},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2012.1012.1071. Epub 2013 Feb 1014","volume":"163","author":"OP Bulut","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bulut, O. P. et al. Magnetic resonance imaging identifies unsuspected liver abnormalities in patients after the Fontan procedure. J Pediatr. 163, 201\u2013206, 210.1016\/j.jpeds.2012.1012.1071. Epub 2013 Feb 1014 (2013).","journal-title":"J Pediatr."},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR4","first-page":"27","volume":"15","author":"ZA Bondar","year":"1970","unstructured":"Bondar, Z. A. & Zolotnitskaia, R. P. [A Study On The Chemotherapy In Clonorchiasis. Report: 3. The Patho-Histological Study On The Liver Of Rabbit Healed From Clonorchiasis By Chemotherapy]. Probl Gematol Pereliv Krovi. 15, 27\u201331 (1970).","journal-title":"Probl Gematol Pereliv Krovi."},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S88","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2006.04586.x","volume":"21","author":"YP Han","year":"2006","unstructured":"Han, Y. P. Matrix metalloproteinases, the pros and cons, in liver fibrosis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 21 Suppl 3, S88\u2013S91 (2006).","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S26","DOI":"10.1186\/1755-1536-5-S1-S26","volume":"5","author":"A Pellicoro","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pellicoro, A., Ramachandran, P. & Iredale, J. P. Reversibility of liver fibrosis. Fibrogenesis Tissue Repair 5 Suppl 1, S26, 10.1186\/1755-1536-5-S1-S26 (2012).","journal-title":"Fibrogenesis Tissue Repair"},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matbio.2015.01.004","volume":"44\u201346","author":"S Duarte","year":"2015","unstructured":"Duarte, S., Baber, J., Fujii, T. & Coito, A. J. Matrix metalloproteinases in liver injury, repair and fibrosis. Matrix biology: journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology 44\u201346, 147\u2013156, 10.1016\/j.matbio.2015.01.004 (2015).","journal-title":"Matrix biology: journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology"},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pathol-011110-130246","volume":"6","author":"V Hernandez-Gea","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hernandez-Gea, V. & Friedman, S. L. Pathogenesis of liver fibrosis. Annual review of pathology 6, 425\u2013456, 10.1146\/annurev-pathol-011110-130246 (2011).","journal-title":"Annual review of pathology"},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1038\/cmi.2011.53","volume":"9","author":"R Xu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Xu, R., Zhang, Z. & Wang, F. S. Liver fibrosis: mechanisms of immune-mediated liver injury. Cell Mol Immunol 9, 296\u2013301, 10.1038\/cmi.2011.53 (2012).","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.3880119","volume":"13","author":"L Ferrell","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ferrell, L. Liver pathology: cirrhosis, hepatitis, and primary liver tumors. Update and diagnostic problems. Mod Pathol 13, 679\u2013704, 10.1038\/modpathol.3880119 (2000).","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0b013e3182495c73","volume":"36","author":"AD Singhi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Singhi, A. D. et al. Reticulin loss in benign fatty liver: an important diagnostic pitfall when considering a diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. The American journal of surgical pathology 36, 710\u2013715, 10.1097\/PAS.0b013e3182495c73 (2012).","journal-title":"The American journal of surgical pathology"},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/S1665-2681(19)31771-5","volume":"8","author":"B Canbakan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Canbakan, B. et al. The effects of pegylated interferon alpha 2b on bile-duct ligation induced liver fibrosis in rats. Ann Hepatol. 8, 234\u2013240 (2009).","journal-title":"Ann Hepatol."},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2008.06.013","volume":"254","author":"SL Friedman","year":"2008","unstructured":"Friedman, S. L. Hepatic fibrosis-Overview. Toxicology 254, 120\u2013129, 10.1016\/j.tox.2008.06.013 (2008).","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Knapinska, A. & Fields, G. B. Chemical biology for understanding matrix metalloproteinase function. Chembiochem. 13, 2002\u20132020, 2010.1002\/cbic.201200298. Epub 201202012 Aug 201200230 (2012).","DOI":"10.1002\/cbic.201200298"},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"H919","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00577.02012. Epub 02012 Aug 00517","volume":"303","author":"RP Iyer","year":"2012","unstructured":"Iyer, R. P., Patterson, N. L., Fields, G. B. & Lindsey, M. L. The history of matrix metalloproteinases: milestones, myths, and misperceptions. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 303, H919\u2013H930, 910.1152\/ajpheart.00577.02012. Epub 02012 Aug 00517 (2012).","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol."},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matbio.2015.01.012","volume":"44\u201346","author":"J Gaffney","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gaffney, J., Solomonov, I., Zehorai, E. & Sagi, I. Multilevel regulation of matrix metalloproteinases in tissue homeostasis indicates their molecular specificity in vivo. Matrix biology: journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology 44\u201346, 191\u2013199, 10.1016\/j.matbio.2015.01.012 (2015).","journal-title":"Matrix biology: journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology"},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ddmod.2011.06.001","volume":"8","author":"JL Gorman","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gorman, J. L., Ispanovic, E. & Haas, T. L. Regulation of matrix metalloproteinase expression. Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models 8, 5\u201311, 10.1016\/j.ddmod.2011.06.001 (2011).","journal-title":"Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models"},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(02)00011-9","volume":"36","author":"X Li","year":"2002","unstructured":"Li, X., Benjamin, I. S. & Alexander, B. Reproducible production of thioacetamide-induced macronodular cirrhosis in the rat with no mortality. Journal of Hepatology 36, 488\u2013493 (2002).","journal-title":"Journal of Hepatology"},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1932","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.12641","volume":"29","author":"SL Wen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wen, S. L. et al. Celecoxib attenuates hepatic cirrhosis through inhibition of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of hepatocytes. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 29, 1932\u20131942. 1910.1111\/jgh.12641 (2014).","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol."},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-61779-854-2_8","volume":"878","author":"M Toth","year":"2012","unstructured":"Toth, M., Sohail, A. & Fridman, R. Assessment of gelatinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) by gelatin zymography. Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) 878, 121\u2013135, 10.1007\/978-1-61779-854-2_8 (2012).","journal-title":"Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)"},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2001-17552","volume":"21","author":"RC Benyon","year":"2001","unstructured":"Benyon, R. C. & Arthur, M. J. Extracellular matrix degradation and the role of hepatic stellate cells. Semin Liver Dis. 21, 373\u2013384 (2001).","journal-title":"Semin Liver Dis."},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR22","first-page":"101","volume":"24","author":"H Cao","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cao, H. et al. [The relationship of expression of BMP-7 in the liver and hepatic inflammation and fibrosis in patients with chronic HBV infection]. Zhonghua Shi Yan He Lin Chuang Bing Du Xue Za Zhi. 24, 101\u2013103 (2010).","journal-title":"Zhonghua Shi Yan He Lin Chuang Bing Du Xue Za Zhi."},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR23","first-page":"1947","volume":"9","author":"JP Bercovici","year":"1980","unstructured":"Bercovici, J. P., Darragon, T., Le Roy, J. P., Emerit, J. & Le Menn, G. Morphological studies of the spleen in idiopathic portal hypertension (so-called Banti\u2019s syndrome without liver cirrhosis) using light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and histometry. Nouv Presse Med. 9, 1947\u20131949 (1980).","journal-title":"Nouv Presse Med."},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2403","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.78.4.2403","volume":"78","author":"R Carlsson","year":"1981","unstructured":"Carlsson, R., Engvall, E., Freeman, A. & Ruoslahti, E. Laminin and fibronectin in cell adhesion: enhanced adhesion of cells from regenerating liver to laminin. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 78, 2403\u20132406 (1981).","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ker1447. Epub 2012 Jan 1023","volume":"51","author":"V Carrai","year":"2012","unstructured":"Carrai, V. et al. Evidence for reduced angiogenesis in bone marrow in SSc: immunohistochemistry and multiparametric computerized imaging analysis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 51, 1042\u20131048, 1010.1093\/rheumatology\/ker1447. Epub 2012 Jan 1023 (2012).","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)."},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02899560","volume":"60","author":"H Herbst","year":"1991","unstructured":"Herbst, H., Heinrichs, O., Schuppan, D., Milani, S. & Stein, H. Temporal and spatial patterns of transin\/stromelysin RNA expression following toxic injury in rat liver. Virchows Archiv. B, Cell pathology including molecular pathology 60, 295\u2013300 (1991).","journal-title":"Virchows Archiv. B, Cell pathology including molecular pathology"},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1155\/2008\/264594","volume":"25","author":"A Mehta","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mehta, A. & Block, T. M. Fucosylated glycoproteins as markers of liver disease. Disease markers 25, 259\u2013265 (2008).","journal-title":"Disease markers"},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000070112.80711.3D","volume":"92","author":"R Visse","year":"2003","unstructured":"Visse, R. & Nagase, H. Matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases: structure, function, and biochemistry. Circ Res 92, 827\u2013839 (2003).","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2001-17556","volume":"21","author":"D Schuppan","year":"2001","unstructured":"Schuppan, D., Ruehl, M., Somasundaram, R. & Hahn, E. G. Matrix as a modulator of hepatic fibrogenesis. Semin Liver Dis 21, 351\u2013372, 10.1055\/s-2001-17556 (2001).","journal-title":"Semin Liver Dis"},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Duarte, S., Baber, J., Fujii, T. & Coito, A. J. Matrix metalloproteinases in liver injury, repair and fibrosis. Matrix biology: journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology, 10.1016\/j.matbio.2015.01.004 (2015).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matbio.2015.01.004"},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR31","first-page":"138","volume":"23","author":"LB Chen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chen, L. B. et al. [Pathological study of liver biopsy from 156 patients clinically diagnosed with mild chronic hepatitis B based on current guideline]. Zhonghua Shi Yan He Lin Chuang Bing Du Xue Za Zhi. 23, 138\u2013140 (2009).","journal-title":"Zhonghua Shi Yan He Lin Chuang Bing Du Xue Za Zhi."},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2007.12.006","volume":"40","author":"IM Clark","year":"2008","unstructured":"Clark, I. M., Swingler, T. E., Sampieri, C. L. & Edwards, D. R. The regulation of matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 40, 1362\u20131378, 10.1016\/j.biocel.2007.12.006 (2008).","journal-title":"Int J Biochem Cell Biol"},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.20948","volume":"211","author":"C Yan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Yan, C. & Boyd, D. D. Regulation of matrix metalloproteinase gene expression. J Cell Physiol 211, 19\u201326, 10.1002\/jcp.20948 (2007).","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4850","DOI":"10.2174\/092986712803341520","volume":"19","author":"V Sanchez-Valle","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sanchez-Valle, V., Chavez-Tapia, N. C., Uribe, M. & Mendez-Sanchez, N. Role of oxidative stress and molecular changes in liver fibrosis: a review. Curr Med Chem 19, 4850\u20134860 (2012).","journal-title":"Curr Med Chem"},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2013.03.033","volume":"59","author":"C Brenner","year":"2013","unstructured":"Brenner, C., Galluzzi, L., Kepp, O. & Kroemer, G. Decoding cell death signals in liver inflammation. Journal of hepatology 59, 583\u2013594, 10.1016\/j.jhep.2013.03.033 (2013).","journal-title":"Journal of hepatology"},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2012.00053","volume":"3","author":"KYaK Matsuzaki","year":"2012","unstructured":"Matsuzaki, K. Y. a. K. Differential regulation of TGF-\u03b2\/Smad signaling in hepatic stellate cells between acute and chronic liver injuries. Frontiers in Physiology 3, 1\u20137, 10.3389\/fphys.2012.00053 (2012).","journal-title":"Frontiers in Physiology"},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27332","volume":"61","author":"E Seki","year":"2015","unstructured":"Seki, E. & Schwabe, R. F. Hepatic inflammation and fibrosis: functional links and key pathways. Hepatology 61, 1066\u20131079, 10.1002\/hep.27332 (2015).","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2014.06.043","volume":"147","author":"F Marra","year":"2014","unstructured":"Marra, F. & Tacke, F. Roles for chemokines in liver disease. Gastroenterology 147, 577\u2013594 e571, 10.1053\/j.gastro.2014.06.043 (2014).","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521754","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/521754","volume":"2014","author":"J Krstic","year":"2014","unstructured":"Krstic, J. & Santibanez, J. F. Transforming growth factor-beta and matrix metalloproteinases: functional interactions in tumor stroma-infiltrating myeloid cells. TheScientificWorldJournal 2014, 521754, 10.1155\/2014\/521754 (2014).","journal-title":"TheScientificWorldJournal"},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4901","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.23.14.4901-4916.2003","volume":"23","author":"S Akool el","year":"2003","unstructured":"Akool el, S. et al. Nitric oxide increases the decay of matrix metalloproteinase 9 mRNA by inhibiting the expression of mRNA-stabilizing factor HuR. Molecular and cellular biology 23, 4901\u20134916 (2003).","journal-title":"Molecular and cellular biology"},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR41","unstructured":"Brown, D. J. et al. Elments of the nitric oxide pathway can degrade TIMP-1 and increase gelatinase activity."},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1023\/B:HREV.0000011393.40674.13","volume":"9","author":"DA Siwik","year":"2004","unstructured":"Siwik, D. A. & Colucci, W. S. Regulation of matrix metalloproteinases by cytokines and reactive oxygen\/nitrogen species in the myocardium. Heart failure reviews 9, 43\u201351, 10.1023\/B:HREV.0000011393.40674.13 (2004).","journal-title":"Heart failure reviews"},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2143","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.02334","volume":"118","author":"CH Stuelten","year":"2005","unstructured":"Stuelten, C. H. et al. Breast cancer cells induce stromal fibroblasts to express MMP-9 via secretion of TNF-alpha and TGF-beta. Journal of cell science 118, 2143\u20132153, 10.1242\/jcs.02334 (2005).","journal-title":"Journal of cell science"},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.20992","volume":"211","author":"KC Liang","year":"2007","unstructured":"Liang, K. C. et al. Interleukin-1beta induces MMP-9 expression via p42\/p44 MAPK, p38 MAPK, JNK, and nuclear factor-kappaB signaling pathways in human tracheal smooth muscle cells. J Cell Physiol 211, 759\u2013770, 10.1002\/jcp.20992 (2007).","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR45","first-page":"909","volume":"24","author":"L Diaz-Flores","year":"2009","unstructured":"Diaz-Flores, L. et al. Pericytes. Morphofunction, interactions and pathology in a quiescent and activated mesenchymal cell niche. Histol Histopathol. 24, 909\u2013969 (2009).","journal-title":"Histol Histopathol."},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR46","first-page":"738","volume":"143","author":"A Couvelard","year":"1993","unstructured":"Couvelard, A., Scoazec, J. Y. & Feldmann, G. Expression of cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion proteins by sinusoidal endothelial cells in the normal and cirrhotic human liver. Am J Pathol 143, 738\u2013752 (1993).","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1075672","volume":"133","author":"L Ehmsen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ehmsen, L., Marko, C. & Breidert, M. [Portal vein hypertension during azathioprine therapy in patients with Crohn\u2019s disease\u2013a frequent phenomenon?]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 133, 950\u2013953. 910.1055\/s-2008-1075672 (2008).","journal-title":"Dtsch Med Wochenschr."},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.01.036","volume":"182","author":"M Cong","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cong, M. et al. Antifibrotic effects of a recombinant adeno-associated virus carrying small interfering RNA targeting TIMP-1 in rat liver fibrosis. The American journal of pathology 182, 1607\u20131616, 10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.01.036 (2013).","journal-title":"The American journal of pathology"},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"G7","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.2000.279.1.G7","volume":"279","author":"FJ Eng","year":"2000","unstructured":"Eng, F. J. & Friedman, S. L. Fibrogenesis I. New insights into hepatic stellate cell activation: the simple becomes complex. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 279, G7\u2013G11 (2000).","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1007\/s00795-004-0261-4","volume":"37","author":"K Enomoto","year":"2004","unstructured":"Enomoto, K. et al. Cell biology and pathology of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells. Med Electron Microsc 37, 208\u2013215 (2004).","journal-title":"Med Electron Microsc"},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e34230","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0034230","volume":"7","author":"Luo Wei","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wei, Luo, Y. M., Hong-Li Ji, Chun-Qiu, Pan, Shan, Huang, Chang-Hui, Yu, Li-Ming, Xiao, Kai, Cui, Shu-Yuan, Ni, Zhen-Shu, Zhang & Xu, Li . Spironolactone Lowers Portal Hypertension by Inhibiting Liver Fibrosis, ROCK-2 Activity and Activating NO\/PKG Pathway in the Bile-Duct-Ligated Rat. PLoS ONE 7, e34230, 10.1371\/journal.pone.0034230 (2012).","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e84934","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0084934","volume":"8","author":"JM Sand","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sand, J. M. et al. MMP mediated degradation of type IV collagen alpha 1 and alpha 3 chains reflects basement membrane remodeling in experimental and clinical fibrosis\u2013validation of two novel biomarker assays. PLoS One 8, e84934, 10.1371\/journal.pone.0084934 (2013).","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"BFsrep35426_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-8278(95)80226-6","volume":"22","author":"K Ishak","year":"1995","unstructured":"Ishak, K. et al. Histological grading and staging of chronic hepatitis. Journal of Hepatology 22, 696\u2013699 (1995).","journal-title":"Journal of Hepatology"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/srep35426.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/srep35426","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/srep35426.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]],"date-time":"2023-01-05T00:16:45Z","timestamp":1672877805000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/srep35426"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,14]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,16]]}},"alternative-id":["BFsrep35426"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/srep35426","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 June 2016","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 September 2016","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 October 2016","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing financial interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"35426"}}