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However, the specific antivenom might be unavailable in remote areas. Snakebites by <jats:italic>Viperidae<\/jats:italic> usually lead to hemorrhage and mortality if untreated. In the present study, challenges of rattlesnake (<jats:italic>Crotalus atrox<\/jats:italic>) venom markedly increased the circulating soluble P-selectin (sP-sel) level, but not P-selectin (P-sel, <jats:italic>Selp<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>) mutants, in wild-type mice. Because sP-sel enhances coagulation through the P-selectin ligand 1 (PSGL-1, <jats:italic>Selplg<\/jats:italic>) pathway to produce tissue factor\u2013positive microparticles, we hypothesized that increasing the plasma sP-sel level can be a self-rescue response in hosts against snake venom\u2013mediated suppression of the coagulation system. Confirming our hypothesis, our results indicated that compared with wild-type mice, <jats:italic>Selp<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup> and <jats:italic>Selplg<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup> mice were more sensitive to rattlesnake venom. Additionally, administration of recombinant sP-sel could effectively reduce the mortality rate of mice challenged with venoms from three other <jats:italic>Viperidae<\/jats:italic> snakes. The antivenom property of sP-sel is associated with improved coagulation activity <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>. Our data suggest that the elevation of endogenous sP-sel level is a self-protective response against venom-suppressed coagulation. The administration of recombinant sP-sel may be developed as a new strategy to treat <jats:italic>Viperidae<\/jats:italic> snakebites.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep35868","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,25]],"date-time":"2016-10-25T09:44:13Z","timestamp":1477388653000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Soluble P-selectin rescues viper venom\u2013induced mortality through anti-inflammatory properties and PSGL-1 pathway-mediated correction of hemostasis"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Der-Shan","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pei-Hsun","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsin-Hou","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep35868_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e3220","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003220","volume":"8","author":"K Maduwage","year":"2014","unstructured":"Maduwage, K. & Isbister, G. 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