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This study was undertaken to examine the role of \u03b17 nAChR in depression using \u03b17 nAChR knock-out (KO) mice. Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 and interlukin-1\u03b2 in KO mice were higher than wild-type mice, suggesting an inflammatory process in KO mice. \u03b17 nAChR KO mice showed depression-like phenotype. Furthermore, KO mice showed increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptor TrkB signaling, as well as increased synaptogenesis and spine density in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), although BDNF-TrkB signaling and synaptogenesis were not altered in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Systemic administration of the TrkB antagonist ANA-12, but not the TrkB agonist 7,8-dihydroxyflavone and the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine, showed a rapid antidepressant effect in KO mice by normalizing increased synaptogenesis in the NAc. In addition, bilateral infusion of ANA-12 into NAc promoted a rapid antidepressant effect in KO mice by normalizing increased synaptogenesis in the NAc. These findings suggest that increased BDNF-TrkB signaling and synaptogenesis in the NAc by deletion of \u03b17 nAChR plays a key role in depression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep36705","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,8]],"date-time":"2016-11-08T05:03:50Z","timestamp":1478581430000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Depression-like phenotype by deletion of \u03b17 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor: Role of BDNF-TrkB in nucleus accumbens"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Ji-chun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenji","family":"Hashimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep36705_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2297","volume":"9","author":"R Dantzer","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dantzer, R. et al. 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